山东省粮食生产与化肥施用状况研究

对山东省建国以来的粮食作物产量与施肥状况进行了探讨,结果表明:建国以来,山东省粮食产量和化肥用量都在逐步增加,化肥与粮食单产之间呈显著正相关,但20世纪90年代粮食产量呈现下降的趋势,而化肥用量仍然增加,化肥的增产效率逐年降低;同时作为山东省主要粮食作物的小麦、玉米的产量呈现与粮食相同的趋势,通过对山东省几个地区的调查结果来看,小麦、玉米施肥量处于较高水平,且地区间施肥量、氮磷钾肥的施用比例以及化肥在两种作物上的分配比例差异较大。

Study on Grain Crop Production and Chemical Fertilizer Application in Shandong Province

Grain output and chemical fertilizers consumption of Shandong province were investigated since 1949, the results showed that the grain output and chemical fertilizers consumption were increasing gradually since 1949, and existed significant positive correlation between them. Grain output was decreased in 1990s, but chemical fertilizers consumption was continue to increase, and the yield increasing efficiency by chemical fertilizers were reduced. As the main grain crop of Shandong province, the yield of wheat and corn have the same trend as grain crop. The recent chemical fertilizer applied on wheat and maize on several main product area of Shandong province showed that chemical fertilizer rate were much higher on wheat and maize, great differences of chemical fertilizer rate and NPK ration existed between various area and different crops in Shandong province.