轻小型喷灌机组能耗分析与多元回归模型

为了研究配置参数对轻小型喷灌机组能耗的影响,在基于遗传算法的喷灌机组能耗计算模型基础上,以机组4.4CP-45为例,采用四因素三水平考虑交互作用的正交设计,就管道管径、喷头间距、喷头数、喷头工作压力及其交互作用对机组单位能耗的影响进行了对比分析,在此基础上建立了机组能耗的多元回归模型.研究结果表明,喷头工作压力对能耗的影响最显著,其次为管道管径,喷头数的影响也很明显,喷头间距对能耗的影响体现在与其他参数的交互作用中.4组主要的交互作用因素中,喷头间距与喷头数的作用最敏感,其后依次为管径与喷头数、喷头间距与管径、喷头间距与喷头工作压力,因而在机组配置参数的选择中,参数间交互作用不可忽略.经综合比较,机组配置参数最优组合方式为喷头间距为15 m、管径为80 mm、喷头数9个、管道末端喷头工作压力为0.25 MPa,此时机组单位能耗为4.53 kW·h/(mm·hm²),比优化前降低了22.6%,比只考虑单因素作用得到的最优组合方式降低了1.0%,且配置参数的选择更能为用户所接受.机组能耗多元回归模型复相关系数达0.88,确定性系数为0.774,比较可靠,能为喷灌工程设计及性能评价提供一定的借鉴作用.

Analysis and multivariate regression model for energy consumption of small-scale sprinkler irrigation machine

In order to investigate the impacts of configuration parameters on the energy consumption of small-scale sprinkler irrigation machine, an orthogonal design of four factors on three levels conside-ring effect of interactions was employed. The influences of pipe diameter, sprinkler spacing, number of sprinklers and working pressure of sprinkler head together with the interactions between them on the energy consumption of the sprinkler irrigation machine typed 4.4CP-45 were analyzed based on the energy consumption calculation model. A multivariate regression model for the computation of energy consumption was established. The results indicate that the impact of working pressure of the sprinkler head comes first, followed by that of pipe diameter, and the impact of number of sprinklers is also obvious. The impact of sprinkler spacing is manifested in the interactions with the other factors. Among four major interaction items, the interaction between sprinkler spacing and number of sprinklers is the most notable, interactions between pipe diameter and number of sprinklers, sprinkler spacing and pipe diameter, sprinkler spacing and working pressure of sprinkler head come in order. Therefore, the interactions between factors cannot be neglected in the configuration of sprinkler systems. Based on the comparison analysis, the optimal combination of parameters for configuration of the sprinkler machine is obtained, with the parameters of sprinkler spacing 15m, pipe diameter 80mm, number of sprinklers 9, working pressure of the sprinkler head 0.25MPa. The specific energy consumption of the system is 4.53 kW·h/(mm·hm²), 22.6% lower than that before optimization and 1.0% lower than that without consideration of interactions between factors, and the configuration parameters are comparatively more acceptable to the customers in practice. The multiple correlation coefficient and coefficient of determination of the multivariate regression model is 0.88 and 0.774 respectively, thus the model is reliable. The discussion may provide a reference for the design and performance evaluation of sprinkler systems. 