不同间种模式对油茶幼林产量及病虫害的影响

为提高油茶林地生产力和生态效益以及减少病虫害，采用随机区组试验设计，研究了间种百喜草、波斯菊、金鸡菊3种间种模式对油茶幼林座果率、产量及病虫害发生的影响。结果表明：油茶幼林内间种百喜草、金鸡菊和波斯菊均能极显著提高油茶幼林座果率，华金品种的幼林座果率为间种金鸡菊>波斯菊>百喜草，3月5日调查座果率分别是CK的1.59倍、1.47倍和1.23倍，10月17日调查的座果率分别是CK的2.13倍、2.10倍和1.56倍。当幼林品种为湘林210时，3月5日调查的座果率分别是CK的1.41倍、1.43倍和1.40倍，10月17日调查的座果率分别是CK的1.61倍、1.68倍和1.66倍，但3种间种模式间的座果率差异不显著。3种间种模式同样均能极显著提高油茶幼林产量，3种模式中以间作百喜草的油茶幼林产量最高，华金和湘林210的单株产果量分别为4.23 kg和6.00 kg，分别是CK的1.71倍和1.45倍。3种间种模式也均能极显著降低油茶幼林病虫害的发生，病情指数分别比CK减少了36.1%、44.5%和38.9%，其中以间种金鸡菊病情指数最低；虫害指数分别比CK减少了54.5%、44.4%和55.0%，其中以间作波斯菊虫害指数最低。

Effect of Different Interplanting Patterns on Yield and Occurrence of Diseases and Insect Pests in Young Camellia oleifera

In order to improve the productivity and ecological benefits of Camellia oleifera forest land and reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pest. The effects of 3 different interplanting patterns on the fruit set percentage, yield and occurrence of diseases and insect pests in Camellia oleifera forest were studied by adopting randomized block test design in this study. The results showed that the very significant effects of fruit setting rate of Camellia oleifera was found in all interplanting patterns. For the variety of Huajun, the fruiting rate in intercropped patterns followed the order of Coreopsis drummondii > Cosmos bipinnatatus > Paspalum notatum, which was 1.59, 1.47 and 1.23 times greater than control on March 5, and was 2.13, 2.10, and 1.56 times greater than control treatment on October 17, respectively. The similar pattern of fruiting rate for the 3 intercropping systems was found for the variety of Xianglin 210. The fruiting rate was 1.41, 1.43 and 1.40 times greater than control treatment on March 5, and was 1.61, 1.68 and 1.66 times greater than control on October 17, respectively. However, no significant difference for the fruit setting rate was found among 3 intercropping systems. All interplanting patterns have the very significant effect on the yield of young Camellia oleifera. The highest yield was obtained from the interplanting Paspalum notatum, and the fruit yield was up to 4.23 kg and 6.00 kg per plant in Huajin and Xianglin 210, which was 1.71 and 1.45 times of the control, respectively. Compared with the control, 3 interplanting patterns very significantly reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests in Camellia oleifera, and the disease index decreased by 36.1%, 44.5% and 38.9%, respectively. The lowest disease index was found in the interplanting with Coreopsis drummondii. Similarly, the pest index decreased by 54.5%, 44.4% and 55.0%, respectively, and the lowest pest index was present in interplanting with Cosmos bipinnatatus.