2组轻型木结构建筑外墙热湿耦合性能模拟分析

以地处冬冷夏热的中国南京地区建筑A（软木）和建筑B（防腐木）2幢轻型木结构建筑4种外墙为研究对象，测定其结构材料的热物性和热湿性参数，并对墙体的热工性能及其热湿耦合性能进行了模拟及其验证分析。结果表明：墙体传热系数、室内外温湿度以及室内外露点温度值的模拟值和实测值的结果一致，可有效利用WUFI模拟预测建筑外墙的保温特性；2幢轻型木结构建筑均适用于严寒地区，建筑A的整体保温性能优于建筑B，且合理优化设计建筑外墙组成结构是建筑外墙保温的关键；轻型木结构建筑具有良好的温湿度调节作用，建筑A的温湿调节性能高于建筑B；2幢轻型木结构建筑全年室内平均相对湿度分别是54.92%和56.13%，全年温度及冬季相对湿度均在全年温度18～28 ℃、冬天相对湿度30%～80%的适宜区间内，墙体设计适用于南京夏热冬冷气候区；4种墙体结构的室内墙面霉菌孢子萌发可能性较小，不易产生霉菌。

Simulation Analysis of Thermal and Humidity Coupling Performance of 2 Groups of Timber-framed Structure Buildings

The thermal performance of 4 different exterior walls taken from timber-framed structure building-A(cork board) and timber-framed structure building-B(antiseptic wood) was tested on site. The 2 buildings are located in Nanjing, China, which is cold in winter and hot in summer. The thermal and humidity properties and thermal performance of the structural materials were determined respectively. Then the thermal performance of the walls and their thermal-cohesion coupling performance were simulated and verified. The main results showed that the values of test results of thermal conductivity, indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity and indoor and outdoor dew point temperature values were in great agreement with the predicted values, which proved that WUFI simulation can be used to predict the thermal insulation properties of the exterior walls effectively. Second, the 2 buildings tested were applicable for cold areas and the overall thermal insulation performance of building-A was better than that of building-B, which also can prove that the reasonable optimization of the design of building wall bone column structure was the key to building external wall insulation. Third, the timber-framed structure buildings were proved to have good temperature and humidity regulation and the overall thermal and hygroscopic performance of building-A was better than that of building-B. The annual average indoor relative humidity of the 2 timber-framed structure buildings was 54.92% and 56.13%, respectively. The annual temperature and relative humidity of the buildings tested in winter were within the appropriate range of 18−28 ℃ and 30%−80% respectively. The wall design was suitable for the hot summer and cold winter climate zone of Nanjing. Fourth, the moulds spores of 4 different exterior walls were less likely to germinate in interior wall through simulation analysis.