不同套种模式云南核桃丛枝菌根与土壤因子的相关性研究

为探明不同套种模式核桃根际丛枝菌根(AM)与土壤因子之间的相关关系,采用菌根形态学的研究方法,研究了核桃根系中丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)定殖状况和根际土壤中AMF的孢子密度,运用相关分析、主成分分析和通径分析方法,研究了核桃AMF与土壤因子的相关性。结果表明:核桃根系能与AMF形成良好的共生关系,不同套种模式之间核桃根系中AMF定殖率以及孢子密度差异显著,套种茶树的种植园中AMF的侵染率和孢子密度最高,套种豌豆的种植园中AMF侵染率和孢子密度最低;AMF孢子密度与土壤有机质、pH值、碱性磷酸酶和脲酶活性显著正相关;AMF总侵染率与pH值显著正相关;AMF总侵染率、菌丝侵染率和孢子密度与全磷显著负相关;丛枝侵染率与全氮和碱性磷酸酶活性显著正相关;菌丝侵染率与pH值极显著正相关;菌丝圈侵染率与全氮和碱性磷酸酶活性显著正相关;泡囊侵染率与过氧化氢酶活性显著正相关,与水解氮和速效钾极显著负相关,与土壤有机质和全氮显著负相关。土壤中的有机质、全氮和全磷是云南高原山区核桃菌根真菌定殖和发育的主要影响因子。

Correlation between Arbuscular Mycorrhizal in Walnut Orchards under Different Intercropping with Soil Factors

In order to explore the relationship of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi(AMF)in walnut orchards under different intercropping with the soil properties,walnut root and rhizosphere soil samples were collected at walnut orchards in Changning County of Yunnan Province.AMF colonization in walnut roots under different intercropping patterns was studied by mycorrhizal morphological method.Correlation analysis,principal component analysis and path analysis were jointly adopted to study the relation between AMF and soil properties.The results showed that the walnut root could establish symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,there were significant differences among varied intercropping on AMF colonization in roots and spore density in rhizosphere soil.In the walnut orchard intercropped with tea trees,the highest root AMF colonization and soil spore density were found,whereas those of the orchard intercropped with pea were the lowest.The AMF spore density was positively correlated with soil organic matter,pH,the activities of alkaline phosphatase and urease.The total AMF colonization percentage in walnut roots was positively correlated with soil pH.The total AMF colonization,AMF hyphae colonization and AMF spore density were negatively correlated with the content of total phosphorus in soil.The colonization of arbuscules was positively correlated with total nitrogen content and the activity of alkaline phosphatase.The positive correlation between hyphae colonization and soil pH obtained extremely significant level.The colonization of hyphal coil was positively correlated with total nitrogen and the activity of alkaline phosphatase.The vesicle colonization was positively correlated with the activity of catalase,extremely negatively correlated with hydrolysable nitrogen and available potassium,negatively correlated with soil organic matter and total nitrogen.The principal component analysis and path analysis verified that the soil organic matter,total nitrogen and total phosphorus were the main factors influencing the walnut AMF colonization and development in plateau areas of Yunnan Province.