盐城海岸带土地利用与景观空间格局动态变化分析

以盐城海岸带为研究对象，利用土地利用转移矩阵、动态度和景观格局指数，分析该地区在近15 a内的土地利用与景观动态变化的规律，探究其驱动力因素。结果表明：整个研究期间，各景观面积占比大小分别为耕地>湿地>滩涂>林地>海洋>居民区。研究区自然景观比重逐年下降，人工景观比重持续上升，主要表现为原生滩涂逐渐减少，耕地、湿地、居民区面积增加，其中滩涂面积变化最大，减少了292.4 km²。湿地、林地、耕地、居民区等人工景观无序扩张，导致其类型水平景观破碎化加剧、边界被割裂的程度加剧，景观复杂程度加大，进而导致整个盐城海岸带的景观水平格局指数反映出景观破碎化加剧，景观整体形状趋于复杂，景观多样性下降，分布变得不均衡。相关性分析表明滩涂、耕地、居民区的面积变化主要受到社会经济因素的驱动，湿地、海洋、林地的面积变化受到自然因素的驱动。

Land Use Types and Landscape Dynamics and Analysis in Coastal Zone of Yancheng

This paper uses land use transfer matrix, dynamic degree and landscape pattern index, reveals the land use and landscape dynamic changes in the coastal zone of Yancheng in the past 15 years, and explore their driving force factors. The results showed that during the entire study period, the proportion of each landscape area was farmlands > wetlands > tidal flats > forestlands > oceans > residential areas. The proportion of natural landscapes in the study area has been decreasing year by year, while the proportion of artificial landscapes has continued to rise. This is mainly manifested by the gradual decreased area of natural tidal flats, and the increased area of farmlands, wetlands (mainly constructed wetland such as fish ponds and salt fields), and residential areas. The area of tidal flats has changed the most, with a decrease of 292.4 km2. The disorderly expansion of artificial landscapes such as wetlands, forestlands, farmlands, and residential areas have led to increased fragmentation of their types of horizontal landscapes, increased boundary fragmentation, and increased landscape complexity, which in turn led to the landscape level pattern index of the entire Yancheng coastal zone. The fragmentation of the landscape has increased, the overall shape of the landscape has become more complex, the diversity of the landscape has declined, and the distribution has become uneven. Correlation analysis shows that the area of tidal flats, farmlands, and residential areas are mainly driven by social and economic factors, and the areas of wetlands, oceans, and forestlands are driven by natural factors.