土壤与花椒各器官中主要矿质元素的研究

矿质元素，在陕西花椒主要产地选取17个样地，分别测定林地土壤中N、P、K、Mg、Ca、Cu、Zn、B、Mo的有效含量及其在花椒器官中的含量，分析花椒枝皮、叶、果皮、种子主要矿质元素的分布情况。结果表明：花椒林地土壤中K、Cu、Zn很丰富，Mo丰富，B中等，P、Mg、Ca缺乏，N很缺乏；花椒各器官中元素含量由大到小分别是K、Ca、Mg、P、N、Zn、B、Cu、Mo，花椒从土壤中的吸收量表现为P>K>N，对P的含吸收量约是K和N的5.5～6倍。各元素积累量由小到大排序，N为枝皮、种子、果皮、叶，P为叶、枝皮、种子、果皮，K为枝皮、叶、果皮、种子，Mg为枝皮、果皮、种子、叶，Ca为种子、果皮、叶、枝皮，B和Mo为枝皮、种子、果皮、叶。土壤中N、P、K、B、Mo含量与花椒及其果实发育相关，Mg、Ca对花椒产量形成具有重要作用。

The Main Mineral Elements in Forest Soil and Various Organs of Zanthoxylum bungeanum

The main mineral elements (N, P, K, Mg, Ca, Cu, Zn, B, Mo) in various organs of Zanthoxylum bungeanum and forest soil of Z. bungeanum woodlands were determined in 17 different research forest lands of Z. bungeanum cultivating area in Shaanxi. The distribution of main mineral elements in bark, leaf, pericarp and seeds of Z. bungeanum was analyzed. The findings indicated that the amount of K, Cu, Zn were extremely high, Mo was abundant, while the content of B was relatively average in the forest soil of Z. bungeanum. On the other hand, the contents of P, Mg, Ca were inadequate and N was absolutely deficient in the same forest soil of Z. bungeanum. The elements were sequenced according to the contents of the Z. bungeanum and the line was started by the highest amount (K, Ca, Mg, P, N, Zn, B, Cu, Mo). The absorption of the mineral elements from the soil by Z. bungeanum (P>K>N) were figured out and P uptake was 5.5 and 6 times greater than the uptake of K and N, respectively. The organs of Z. bungeanum were lined up by their contents of each element according to their high amount: for the content of N (bark-seed-pericarp-leaf), the highest amount was detected in the bark and the lowest amount was in the leaf; on the other hand, leaf contained the highest amount of P (leaf-bark-seed-pericarp) but not in the pericarp. Moreover, the content of K (bark-leaf-pericarp-seed) was higher in the bark and the leaf but lower in the pericarp and the seed; also the content of Mg (bark-pericarp-seed-leaf) was rich in the bark and the pericarp but not in the seed and the leaf. Besides, the content of Ca (seed-pericarp-leaf-bark) was plentiful in the seed and the pericarp but insufficient in the leaf and the bark, at the last B and Mo (bark-seed-pericarp-leaf) were the most abundant in the bark and lacking in the leaf, respectively. The results of analysis on the content of the various elements in the forest soils and organs of Z. bungeanum were indicated the amount N, P, K, B, Mo in the forest soil is related to development of Z. bungeanum and its fruit, in addition, Mg and Ca have important effects on the yield improvement of Z. bungeanum.