云南猕猴桃资源的收集及表型多样性分析

通过查阅资料，对云南野生猕猴桃分布集中地区进行调查，采用变异系数、Shannon−Weaver（H'）指数及系统聚类的方法分析其生物学性状、海拔分布等特征。结果表明：收集到104份野生猕猴桃，经鉴定为24个种。调查的猕猴桃多分布在海拔范围1230～2960 m，集中分布于海拔1400～1700 m，不同种之间的海拔差异较大。对15个表型性状检测出73个变异类型，平均每个性状有变异类型5.2个；变异系数为74.2%～13.4%，其平均值为46%；多样性指数为1.696～0.451，平均值为1.006，表现出丰富的多样性。通过聚类分析在欧式距离20.0处将24个野生猕猴桃种分为4组，属间各种存在着丰富的变异，各性状间变异系数相差较大，初步了解现阶段云南省部分地区猕猴桃野生资源的分布状况。

Kiwifruit Resources Collection in Yunnan Province and Phenotypic Diversity Analysis

Several areas where the distribution of wild kiwifruit was concentrated in Yunnan Province was investigated by consulting the data. Its biological characteristics and altitude distribution were analyzed by the coefficient of variation, Shannon−Weaver (H') index and systematic clustering. The findings indicated that a total of 104 wild kiwifruits were collected and 24 species were identified. Most of the kiwifruits surveyed were distributed between 1230 meters and 2960 meters above sea level, and most of them were concentrated at an altitude of 1400–1700 m. The altitude difference between different species was large. Seventy-three variants were detected for 15 phenotypic traits, with an average of 5.2 variants per trait; the coefficient of variation was between 74.2% and 13.4%, with an average of 46%; the diversity index was between 1.696 and 0.451, the average value is 1.006, showing a rich diversity. By cluster analysis, 24 wild kiwifruit species were divided into 4 groups at Euclidean distance 20.0. There were abundant variations among the genus, and the coefficients of variation among the traits were quite different. This study preliminarily figured out the wild resources of kiwifruit in some areas of Yunnan Province at this stage.