灌水控制上限对酿造葡萄地积温和生长特性的影响

为了探究小管出流灌水上限水分调控对酿造葡萄地积温、果实生长指标等的影响，采用大田栽培试验方法，开展了酿造葡萄小管出流灌溉试验。结果表明：地积温随着土层深度的增加而降低，地积温与果实增长呈正相关关系，小管出流比沟灌更有利于地积温的升高和果实的增长；90％田间持水率的灌水上限时葡萄的果粒横径、单穗重均大于其它处理，产量最高，同比对照处理增加了44．95％，差异极显著（ P＜0．01）；灌水上限为80％田间持水率时葡萄果实含酸量最小，含糖量最大，高达236．17 g·L－1。表明90％田间持水率为最佳增产灌水上限，80％田间持水率的灌水上限最有利于提高葡萄品质。

Effects of irrigation upper control limit to the accumulated soil temperature and growth characteristics of wine grape

In order to explore the influence of irrigation upper control limit by small tube flow to the accumulated soil temperature, fruit growth index etc. of wine grape, adopting the field cultivation experimental method, carried out the irrigation test with small tube flow on wine grape. The results showed that: The accumulated soil temperature was decreased with increasing soil depth, the accumulated soil temperature with fruit growth was presented a positive correlation relationship. The small tube flow was more useful to increase the accumulated soil temperature and fruit growth compared with the furrow irrigation. When the irrigation upper limit was 90% of field capacity, the grape fruit diameter, single fruit ear weight total were higher than other treatments with highest yield, compared with control treatment the yield was increased 44.95%, the difference was significant (P<0.01). When the irrigation upper limit was 80% of field capacity, the grape fruit acid was minimum, the sugar content was maximum up to 236.17 g·L^-1. It was indicated that 90% of field capacity was the irrigation upper limit for optimal adding production, the irrigation upper limit of 80% field capacity was the best useful to improve grape quality.