滇中高原森林生态站冬春季森林小气候特征研究

以滇中高原森林生态站辅站点昆明树木园的麻栎+栓皮栎混交林与云南松林为研究对象，采用定位观测对林外和林内小气候，通过分析林内外空气温度及湿度、光照强度、土壤温度、风速5个气象因子，探讨区域内典型林分的小气候特征。结果表明：麻栎+栓皮栎混交林与云南松林对气象因子的影响是显著的，林内光照强度、土壤温度、风速明显低于林外；林内空气湿度显著高于林外；林内的月均气温、最低气温均高于林外，最高气温低于林外。林内外空气温度变化呈现早晚低、日间高的变化趋势；空气湿度变化规律呈现早晚高、中午低的变化趋势；太阳辐射强度日变化均呈现倒“U”型曲线；土壤温度随着土壤深度的增加，差值逐渐减小；风速变化呈现早晚低、日间高的趋势。无论是麻栎+栓皮栎混交林还是云南松林，空气温度与空气湿度的相关性最高。

Research on Microclimate Characteristics of Forests in Winter and Spring at Forest Ecological Station in Central Yunnan Plateau

The Quercus acutissima + Q. variabilis mixed stands and Pinus yunnanensis forests at Kunming arboretum of forest ecological station in Central Yunnan plateau was taken as the research object, adopts the positioning observation to reunite and forest microclimate experimental methods, 5 meteorological factors including air temperature, air humidity, light intensity, soil temperature and wind speed, were analyzed to explore the microclimate characteristics of typical forests in the region. The results showed that the effects of Q. acutissima + Q. variabilis mixed stand and P. yunnanensis forest on meteorological factors were significant. The light intensity, soil temperature and wind speed inside the forest were significantly lower than those outside the forest, and the air humidity inside the forest was significantly higher than that outside the forest. The monthly average temperature and minimum temperature in the forest were both higher than that outside the forest, and the maximum temperature in the forest was lower than that outside the forest. The air temperature inside and outside the forest was lower in morning and evening and higher in day. The variation of air humidity is high in morning and evening and low in noon. The diurnal variation of solar radiation intensity showed an inverted U-shaped curve. With the increase of soil depth, the difference decreases gradually. The variation of wind speed is low in morning and evening and high in day. The correlation between air temperature and air humidity is the highest in both Q. acutissima + Q. variabilis mixed stands and P. yunnanensis forests.