辽河口芦苇湿地区潜水蒸发试验

为探寻辽河口湿地区芦苇Phragmites communis生长条件下潜水蒸发的变化规律，提高研究区地下水水分利用效率，用带有地下水补给的芦苇培养箱测量潜水蒸发量，并与同一实验条件下的水面蒸发和裸地蒸发进行对照。研究结果得出：①在不同地下水埋深条件下，栽植芦苇的样地的潜水蒸发量比裸地的大，并且随天气变化潜水蒸发量日变化也非常大，栽植芦苇的样地日潜水蒸发量差值可达9.0 mm。②潜水累积蒸发量随地下水埋深的增大而减小，栽植芦苇的样地的潜水蒸发递减速度大于裸地。在试验设定的地下水埋深－ 5 ~ －60 cm范围内，种植芦苇的样地的潜水累积蒸发量是裸地的3.0~3.5倍。③栽植芦苇的样地的潜水蒸发过程与水面蒸发过程一致性较好。大气蒸发能力增大到一定程度，栽植芦苇的样地和裸地的潜水蒸发强度增加的幅度均呈减小的趋势。最后通过参数拟合，得到潜水蒸发系数的幂函数型公式和指数型公式以及公式中的相关参数，拟和效果较好，适合应用于研究区潜水蒸发的研究。图6表3参14

Phreatic evaporation in Phragmites communis wetlands of the Liao-he Estuary

To enhance groundwater use efficiency and to discover variation in phreatic evaporation from Phragmites communis plots,field experiments were carried out in incubators with a water supply in the test field of Liao-he estuary from 9 August to 1 October,2009.11 incubators were installed with different water depth.That is 10 cm above soil surface and 5,20,40 and 60 cm underground water respectly.The design that incubators No.6 to No.11 were set with no Phragmites communis while No.1 to No.5 with Phragmites com...