冻结气温降幅对潜水入流量影响的试验研究

为了揭示冻结气温降幅对潜水入流量的影响，通过室内冻结试验装置设定地下水位埋深为87.5 cm，进行了3种冻结气温降幅，2种土壤质地的单向土壤冻结试验，监测潜水入流量的变化。结果表明：大幅降温冻结下，潜水入流速率较大，冻结第41天砂壤土和粉质粘壤土潜水入流量分别较小幅降温冻结下的潜水入流量高51.8 mm和50.7 mm；冻结气温降幅越大，潜水入流量受土壤质地的影响越明显，小幅降温、中幅降温和大幅降温冻结下，第41天砂壤土潜水入流量较粉质粘壤土潜水入流量分别高8.6 mm、11.5 mm和14.2 mm；土壤颗粒直径越小，潜水入流量对冻结气温降幅的响应越早。研究成果对于地下水浅埋区地下水资源量的科学评价和土壤盐碱化防治等具有重要的指导意义。

Influence of Decreasing Range of Freezing Air Temperature on Phreatic Water Inflow

In order to reveal the influence of decreasing range of freezing air temperature (DRFT) on phreatic water flow, we set the depth of groundwater level of 87.5 cm through the freezing test device with two kinds of soil texture that are sandy loam and silty clay loam, three freezing schemes which are less DRFT, medium DRFT and larger DRFT were conducted and the phreatic water inflow was monitored. The results show that the phreatic inflow rate is larger if the soil freezing by larger DRFT and it is higher than that freezing by less DRFT about 51.8 mm and 50.7 mm for sandy loam and silty clay loam respectively on the 41th day. The larger of DRFT is, the more influence of soil texture on phreatic water inflow are, and the phreatic water inflow of sandy loam is higher than that of silty clay loam about 8.6 mm, 11.5 mm and 14.2 mm on the 41th day respectively for less DRFT, medium DRFT and larger DRFT. The smaller soil particles diameter is, the earlier of the phreatic water inflow respond to DRFT. The research results are significant for the scientific assessment of groundwater resources quantity and prevention of soil salinization at shallow groundwater areas.