陕西大熊猫及其栖息地监测评估

为了及时获得大熊猫种群及其栖息地的动态变化及发展趋势,为保护管理决策提供依据。采用样线与样方网络、问卷调查、社区走访和现地调查相结合的方法。在20个自然保护区管护面积428 343hm2,在布设的547条动物样线上,遇见大熊猫11次、大熊猫伴生动物1 202次;发现其他活动痕迹1 196处;大熊猫喜欢在乔木郁闭度0.4以上、灌木盖度30%～69%之间的天然林栖息地活动;竹子盖度在30%以上的竹林所占百分比为48.14%,无竹子面积占32.63%;放牧、挖药对大熊猫栖息地的干扰较大,耕种、其他采集干扰中等,割竹、偷猎、砍伐、砍柴、旅游、采矿、竹子开花干扰较轻。因此秦岭大熊猫栖息地得到了基本保护,大熊猫活动正常,处于稳定期;人为干扰活动基本得到控制,有一支常年工作在野外的监测队伍。

Monitoring and Evaluation of Giant Panda and its Habitat in Shaanxi

In order to obtain the dynamics and development trend of the giant panda population and its habitat timely for the decision-making of conservation,investigations based on sample lines,sample networks,survey,community interview and field observation were carried out,covering an area of 20 nature reserves,428 343 hm2,and 547 sample lines.Giant panda has been encountered 11 times;coexistent animals were found 1 202 times and 1196 traces found.It was showed that giant pandas like natural forest habitat with crown density over 0.4,shrub coverage 30%~69%;48.14% bamboo forest with canopy coverage over 30%.Grazing and herb collection have great impact on giant panda habitat.Cultivation and other collection have mild impact.Bamboo cut,poaching,timber harvest,fuel wood logging,tourism,mining and bamboo flowering have light impact.Qinling Mountains have been well protected for panda habitat and human disturbance has been controlled.There is a regular team working on wild giant panda monitoring.