中国核桃（Juglans regial）起源考证

本文根据中国古代文献及国内外研究报道,结合化石鉴定、地质孢粉、炭化核桃和有关核桃细胞学、酶学研究,对中国核桃的栽培起源,进行了较深入的考证,提出世界核桃起源不是一地而是多地,并根据中国近年研究资料认为中国是核桃起源地之一的论点。

Textural Criticism of Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Origin in China

According to the ancient literatures and the research reports of both internal and external, the origin of walnut (Juglans regia L.)cultured in China was further more investigated in the article by combing with the fossil examination, with the geological sporo-pollen analysis, with the carbonized walnutand with walnut researches of cytology and enzymology. It was put forward that the origin center of world walnut (J. regia L.) was not one, but many; and it was considered that China was the one center of walnut origins on the materials of recent year's researches.In China, walnut is one of the oldest trees that has a long history of cultivation, great varieties and types. On the grounds of records, walnut was cultured almost above 2,000 years, which was almost distributed over 27 provinces, cities and autonomous regions. There are two species, J. regia L.and J.sigllata Dode, used for cultivation in China. Besidcs J. sigillata Dode, it was confired that three wild species used as stocks are all originated in China, they are J. mandshurica Maxim, J. cathayensis Dode and J. hopeiensis Hu. Only walnut (J. regia L.) was an exception. It had so many different names(fox example, it was called Persian walnut or English walnut abroad; but in China, it was called Hutao, Qiangtao or Wansuizi etc.); and for its origin center as opinions varied, no unanimous conclusion could be drawn. It did become the unsettled problem that affected teaching and walnut species quality researching for a long time. To contribute to the solving of the problem, 1 collected and systebatized the research and the textural criticism about walnut origin of the recent years to be the article as follows for discussion.