大豆光合生理生态的研究 第18报 不同株型大豆某些生理特性的研究

对美国扁茎大豆、中国有限结荚习性大豆7514及其杂交后代新品系94-1-1、94-1-6某些生理特性及部分产量构成因素的测试分析结果表明：1．新品系材料从结荚期开始光合速率明显高于亲本。光合速率的日变化显示，后代材料类似于美国扁茎大豆，与中国普通大豆差异较大。2．比叶重的变化也表明，后代材料高于美国扁茎与中国普通大豆7514，尤其在结荚期和鼓粒期表现更为突出。3．水分利用效率的变化表现为，前期差异不大，从鼓粒期开始，后代材料明显优于亲本。4．新品系与亲本材料相比具有特异的花序性状和叶片着生态势以及生殖生长期较大的光合速率，从而降低大豆花荚脱落率。

PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERS OF SOYBEAN LINES WITH DIFFERENT PLANT-TYPES

The physiological characters and yield forms in different plant-types soybean were determined, including FSA (fasciated soybean of America), 7514 (determinate podding habit soybean of China), and the new lines of soybean 94-1-1 & 94-1-6 (hybridization offspring). The results showed: (1) The photosynthetic rate of new lines of soybean (94-1-1 & 94-1-6) was obviously higher than that of the parent plants, FSA and 7514, from start of podding. Diurnal changes of photosynthetic rate in new lines was similar to the FSA, and obviously different to the 7514; (2) The specific leaf weight (SLW) in new lines was higher than that in the FSA and the 7514, especially in the periods of podding and seed filling; (3) Compared with the parent plants, the water use efficiency in new lines of soybean did not change much at the beginning of podding, however increased from the period of seed filling; (4) Compared with the parent plants, the new lines soybean had the special inflorescence, the dominant type in leaf position and the higher photosynthetic rate at reproductive growth stages , resulting in the lowest flower & pod abscission rates.