极端干旱区成龄葡萄滴灌田间毛管布置方式优化研究

通过建立数学模型,利用Hydrus-2D软件模拟双管不对称布置和三管布置下的水分入渗特征,分析与葡萄根系分布的耦合程度。采用大田试验进行了验证,与模拟结果进行了对照,结果表明:双管不对称和三管布置条件下湿润剖面比较接近,双管不对称布置模式水分分布比较均匀,垂直湿润深度在60 cm左右,水平湿润宽度约100 cm;三管布置模式的垂直湿润深度为60 cm,水平湿润宽度约120 cm。双管流量不对称布置在产量及葡萄生长等方面均能达到三管布置方式的效果。确定采用双管流量不对称布置方式可以替代三管布置方式,同时,也说明在田间毛管布置方式筛选及优化分析时,采用数学模型分析的方法,可大大减少进行野外试验的工作量,在简化研究过程的同时能够得到科学的研究成果。

Optimization research of lateral pipe layout mode for drip irrigation of adult grape in extreme arid region

Through established mathematical model, using the Hydrus-2D software simulated the characteristics of water infiltration under double pipes asymmetric layout and three pipes layout, analyzed the coupling degree of grape root distribution. The simulated results were verified and compared with the field test. The results showed that: the wetted profiles were comparatively close under the conditions of double pipes asymmetric and three pipes arrangement. The water distribution was relatively uniform, the vertical wetted depth was about 60 cm and horizontal wetted width was about 100 cm for the double pipes asymmetric layout mode. The vertical wetted depth was 60 cm and horizontal wetted width was approximately 120 cm for the three pipes arrangement mode. Under double pipes asymmetric arrangement, the yield and grape growth aspects can be reached the effect of three pipes layout mode. So determined that the three pipes layout mode can be replaced by the double pipes with asymmetric arrangement. At the same time, it explained when selected and optimally analyzed the lateral pipe layout in field, the mathematical model analysis method can be utilized. The workload of outside experiments in field can be greatly reduced,while the scientific research results can be obtained at the simplified research process.