稻草覆盖量对红壤旱坡地花生生长环境及产量形成的影响

针对江西季节性干旱发生的特点对红壤旱坡地花生生长的不利影响,研究不同的稻草覆盖量(1 500、3 000、4 500、6 000 kg·hm~(-2)和7 500 kg·hm~(-2))对红壤旱地花生生长及产量形成的效果。结果显示,随着稻草覆盖量的增加,花生田土壤湿度、温度和电导率的日变幅均相应降低,杂草发生量也相应减少,但花生的干物质生产量、根瘤量、成熟期绿叶残留量及产量则随着覆盖量的增加表现为先增后减的抛物线形状,并在稻草覆盖量为4500 kg·hm~(-2)的条件下表现最好。综合考虑稻草覆盖的防草、抗旱、增产效果,研究认为红壤旱坡地花生稻草覆盖量以4 500 kg·hm~(-2)左右为宜。

Effects of rice straw mulching amount on the growth environment and yield formation of peanut in dry sloping land of red soil

According to the adverse effects of the characteristics of seasonal drought in Jiangxi Province on red soil sloping land, a study on the effects of different straw mulching amount(1 500, 3 000, 4 500, 6000 kg·hm^-2and 7 500 kg·hm^-2) on the growth and yield of peanut in red soil was carried out. The results showed that the daily variation of soil moisture, temperature and electrical conductivity of peanut field decreased with the increase of rice straw mulching amount, and the occurrence of weeds decreased correspondingly. But dry matter production, nodule weight, mature leaves residues and yield of peanut in a parabolic shape that first increased and then decreased with straw mulching quantity increased, and the straw coverage of 4 500 kg·hm^-2 was the best performance. Considering the effect of straw mulching on controlling weeds, reducing drought and increasing crop yield, it was concluded that the amount of rice straw in red soil sloping field was about 4 500 kg·hm^-2.