我国农业科技创新效率波动及要素投入优化研究

考虑科技投入的产出滞后效应,将生态环境效应纳入评价框架,从相对指标角度建立农业科技创新投入产出指标体系,应用DEA-Tobit模型对我国农业科技创新效率进行分析,估计要素投入的强度和结构变化对创新效率的影响,阐述其隐含的政策含义。研究发现,我国农业科技创新综合技术效率整体上稳步提高,但资源利用效率呈下降趋势;综合技术效率值主要取决于科技投入要素间配置结构的协调程度,而与投入强度关系不大;按作用程度,影响创新效率的外部环境因素从高到低,依次为教育投入、政府政策和农业组织经营制度。

Studies on Fluctuation of Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Efficiency and Optimization of Input Factors

Taking the input-output hysteresis effect and ecological environmental effect into consideration, an input-output evaluation system was established in the paper from the perspective of relative indicators to analyze the effect that the change of input intensity and structure brings to the efficiency. The results showed that the overall science and technology innovation efficiency of Chinese agriculture has been steadily improving, but the resource utilization rate is declining. The efficiency rating value depends mainly on the coordination degree of allocation structure of input factors, having little relationship with input intensity. By the irffluential extent, the investment in education affects the innovation efficiency most, followed by the government policies and the operating system of agricultural organization the lowest.