孕穗期水分胁迫对水稻部分生理特性与产量补偿效应的研究（英文）

[目的]在孕穗期对水稻进行不同程度水分胁迫后复水,探讨水稻生理特性与产量补偿效应,以期为提高水稻水分利用率及其抗旱性提供依据。[方法]采用盆栽试验,对5个水稻品种在孕穗期分别设置3个不同水分胁迫处理,于复水后,每隔6 d采样分析生理指标等。[结果]随着复水天数的增加,不同水稻品种轻旱处理B叶片的水势、SPAD、净光合速率增加速度较快,可溶性糖的补偿效应大于重旱处理C;经过水分胁迫处理的水稻茎流速度均下降。对于产量构成因素,每株穗数和每株实粒数均有下降,每株粒数下降值受水分胁迫程度影响明显;除D优363外,其他品种结实率均以处理B最高;与对照处理A相比较,受水分胁迫的两个处理B、C的千粒重和单株穗重下降。[结论]水稻在孕穗期经过不同程度的水分胁迫,恢复常规管理后,受到轻度水分胁迫处理的水稻部分生理特性以及产量性状均获得较好的补偿效应。

Effects of Water Stress on Some Physiological Characteristics and Yield Compensation of Rice in Booting Stage

[Objective] The physiological characteristics and yield compensation effects of rice in booting stage were studied after water recovery when rice suffered water stress to provide references for improving rice water utilization efficiency and its drought resistance. [Method] The pot experiments with five rice varieties under three different treatments of water stresses were conducted to study physical signs every six days after water water-recovery. [Result] Along with the increase of water recov- ery, leaf water potential, SPAD and Pn values in treatment B （light drought） in- creased fast, and its compensation effect of the soluble sugar content was higher than that of treatment C （severe drought）; all sap flow speeds in treatments with water stresses fell. As for yield components, panicles per plant and spikelets per panicle decreased with water stress degree, and the decline of spikelets per pani- cle, in particular, was greatly influenced by water stress. Seed setting percentages in treatment B most reached peaks of different varieties, except of D you No. 363. The thousand-seed weight and ear weight per plant in treatment B and C both dropped, compared with control group. [Conclusion] When regular management was resumed after rice underwent water stress at booting stage, many characteristics and yield traits of rice got favorable compensation effects in the light water-stress treatments.