宝天曼短柄枹林1公顷样地物种组成与群落结构

为了深入了解宝天曼自然保护区树种的多样性,参照巴拿马巴罗克罗拉多岛样地的技术规范,于2009年在河南宝天曼国家级自然保护区建立了1块面积为1hm2的短柄枹林永久监测样地。对样地内所有胸径≥1cm的木本植物进行了详细的定位调查。结果表明:样地内被监测的树木个体数为2 481个,隶属于27科47属71种;短柄枹林样地共分为4个基本层次,乔木Ⅰ层主要有短柄枹(Quercus serrata var.brevipetiolata)和栓皮栎(Quercus variabilis),乔木Ⅱ层主要由四照花(Cornus kousa subsp.Chinensis)、水榆花楸(Sorbus alnifolia)组成,灌木层的优势种为连翘(Forsythia suspensa)、满山红(Rhododendron mariesii)等,草本层主要由细叶薹草(Carex duriu-sata subsp.stenophylloides)等组成;样地植物区系以北温带成分为主,共25个属,占总属数的50.98%,兼具热带成分,共10个属,占总属数的21.28%;短柄枹(Quercus serrata var.brevipetio-lata)和栓皮栎(Quercus variabilis)在群落中占有绝对的优势地位,但从径级结构来看,栓皮栎的更新较差;从物种的空间分布格局中可以看出,样地物种空间分布格局整体上表现为随机分布为主,但优势种短柄枹和栓皮栎主要表现为聚集分布。

The Species Composition and Community Structure of 1-ha Quercus serrata var.brevipetiolata Forest in Baotianman National Nature Reserve

To understand the formation and maintenance mechanism of species diversity in Baotianman Natural Reserve,a 1-ha forest permanent dynamic plot of Quercus serrata var.brevipetiolata was established in Baotianman National Nature Reserve in 2009 following the standard census procedure of the Centre for Tropical Forest Science(CTFS).In the plot,all free-standing trees at least 1 cm in diameter at breast height(DBH,1.3 m above ground) were mapped,tagged,andidentified,and their geographic coordinates were recorded following a standard field protocol.The results showed that there were 2 481 genotype individuals,belonging to 71 species,47 genera and 27 families.The stand composition was divided into four main basic layers.The species of the first tree layer included Quercus serrata var.brevipetiolata and Quercus variabilis;the second tree stratum included Cornus kousa subsp.Chinensis and Sorbus alnifolia;the shrub layer included Forsythia suspensa and Rhododendron mariesii;the herb layer included Carex duriusata subsp.stenophylloides and so on.Floristic characteristics of the community were very prominent.At the generic level,north temperate areal-type was the main part of genus areal-types.Twenty five north temperate areal-types accounted for 50.98% of total genera and 10 areal-types of tropical elemerts accounted for 21.28% of total genera.The species Quercus serrata var.brevipetiolata and Quercus variabilis were obviously dominant species whereas the Quercus variabilis was very poor by the analysis of size-class distributions.Spatial distribution patterns of species were analyzed.Quercus serrata var.brevipetiolata and Quercus variabilis were obviously clumped pattern.