生草栽培对梨园土壤养分及土壤酶活性的影响

为了探讨不同生草种类对土壤养分含量及土壤酶活性的影响,对梨园不同生草区的土壤养分和土壤酶活性进行了测定。结果表明:梨园生草能显著增加0～40cm土层的有机质含量,提高0～20cm土层土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾的含量,显著增加0～40cm土层的全氮含量,降低0～40cm土层的全磷含量,且不同生草对土壤养分的影响有差异;梨园种植白三叶草可显著提高脲酶、蔗糖酶的活性,降低过氧化氢酶的活性,种植多年生黑麦草可显著提高脲酶、过氧化氢酶的活性,降低磷酸酶的活性;土壤酶活性与土壤养分含量有密切关系,其中脲酶活性与全氮、碱解氮、速效磷呈显著正相关,过氧化氢酶活性与有机质、全磷、全钾含量为显著正相关,与全氮含量为显著负相关,与速效磷含量为负相关,蔗糖酶活性与全氮、碱解氮、速效磷含量存在显著正相关,磷酸酶活性与全磷、全钾、速效磷呈显著正相关。

Nutrient and Soil Enzyme Activities of Pear Orchard as Affected by Planting Herbage

A field experiment was carried out to study the effects of planting different herbage species in pear orchard on soil nutrient content and soil enzyme activities.The results showed that planting herbage significantly increased organic matter and total nitrogen content of the 0-40 cm soil layer,improved soil alkali hydrolysable nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium content of the 0-20 cm soil layer,and reduced the content of total phosphorus in the 0-40 cm soil layer.In addition,the effects of planting different herbage species on soil nutrient content were different.Planting white clover significantly improved the activities of soil urease and sucrase,but decreased the catalase activity.Planting perennial ryegrass increased markedly the acti-vities of urease,sucrase and catalase,but decreased the phosphatase activity.The soil enzyme acti-vities were closely related to soil nutrient content.Soil urease activity and total N,alkali hydrolysable N,available P had a significant positive correlation.There was a significantly positive correlation between catalase activity and organic matter,total P,total K content.There was a significantly negative correlation between catalase activity and total N content.There was a negative correlation between catalase activity and available phosphorus content.Sucrase activity and total N,alkali hydrolysable N,available P content were significantly positive correlations.Phosphatase activity and total P,total K,available P were significantly positive correlations.