烟田施用氯化钾对烤烟生长发育、产量和品质的影响

为明确百色烟区烟田氯肥的合理施用量,以烤烟(Nicotiana tabacum L.)品种云烟85为供试材料,研究了百色烟区烟田施用氯化钾对烤烟产量及品质的影响。结果表明,烟田施用氯化钾可以在一定程度上改善烟叶的农艺性状;烤烟产量、产值随氯化钾施用量的增加呈先增加后降低趋势,并以22.5kg/hm2、45.0kg/hm2处理较高,产量较不施氯化钾处理(CK)分别提高27.11%、21.80%,产值分别提高41.73%、32.32%;施用氯化钾还可改善烟叶的化学品质和评吸质量,以施氯化钾22.5～67.5kg/hm2的烟叶化学成分含量适宜,K2O/Cl、总氮/烟碱、还原糖/烟碱值比较协调,烟叶评吸质量好;随氯化钾用量的增加,烟叶中氯含量增加明显。综合分析,生产上百色烟区烟田氯化钾施用量以22.5～45.0kg/hm2较为适宜。

Effects of Potassium Chloride Application on Development,Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

In order to determine suitable amounts of chlorine fertilizers in Baise area,the effects of potassium chloride application rates on yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco were studied by field experiments using a tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.) cultivar Yunyan 85 in Baise area.The results showed that more applications of potassium chloride fertilizer could improve the agronomical characters of tobacco significantly.With the increase of amounts of potassium chloride,the yield and production value were changed in "parabola" path.The application of potassium chloride at 22.5 kg/ha increased yield and production value by 27.11% and 41.73%,respectively,and 45.0 kg/ha potassium chloride raised those by 21.80% and 32.32%.The application of potassium chloride at 22.5-67.5 kg/ha could also maintain the better chemical components of flue-cured tobacco and benefit the improvement of the chemical and evaluation quality of flue-cured tobacco.With the increase of amounts of potassium chloride,the content of Cl-in tobacco leaves increased obviously.Therefore,the treatment of potassium chloride at 22.5-45.0 kg/ha was appropriate for flue-cured tobacco in Baise area.