土壤湿度对乙草胺药害的影响

酰胺类除草剂乙草胺在大豆田中广泛应用。黑龙江省多数情况下是春季低温干旱，使乙草胺的药效不能稳定发挥，但在有些低洼地区又经常出现药害。为了探讨气象条件对乙草胺药效和药害的影响，作者于2003—2004年5月至9月，在黑龙江省农科院试验场内进行盆栽试验，研究了土壤湿度对乙草胺药害的影响。结果表明，土壤湿度对乙草胺药害有明显影响，土壤高湿条件下乙草胺药害最重，湿度适中乙草胺药害最轻，土壤干旱乙草胺药害程度轻于前者而重于后者。乙草胺药害对大豆生长发育有明显影响，大豆生长发育状况随药害加重而明显下降。乙草胺药害越重，对大豆的生长发育影响越大，表现为株高、株鲜重、根鲜重、百粒重和产量降低，根长变短，单株有效荚和粒数减少。

Study on Influence of Soil Humidity to Injury of Acetochlor

The Acetanilides herbicide acetochlor has been applied extensively in soybean field. There is mostly dry and with low temperature in the spring in Heilongjiang province, and it makes the efficacy of acetochlor can't develop steadily, but usually appears injury to soybean seedling in some low-lying and damp regions. To grope for the influence of climate condition to acetochlor efficacy and injury, the influence of soil humidity to injury of acetochlor were studied by the plot experiment in May to September of 2003-2004. The results showed that the humidity influence obviously the injury of acetochlor. The injury of acetochlor in the higher humidity was the most serious, the injury of meddle humidity was slightest and the injury of dry treatment was at inter-between. The injury of acetochlor influenced evidently the growth of soybean. The soybean growth was descended obviously with the injury aggravated. The acetochlor injury to soybean is more severe, the influence to soybean growth is more graveness. The representation was some criterions decline, which was the plant height, the plant fresh weight, the root fresh weight, hundred grains weight and the soybean yield, the root became shorter, the effective bean-pod and grains number was decreased.