四川省北川县震后边坡土壤状况与植被恢复效果

目的]探索震损边坡林业治山工程后修复坡面不同季相、坡位等因素造成的土壤理化性质的差异,为评估边坡植被修复工程效果和指导工程因地制宜的管护方法提供理论依据。方法]根据常规森林土壤测定方法对四川省北川县擂鼓镇震后边坡治理坡面检测土壤理化性质和土壤酶活性,并调查草本植物情况,解析土壤理化性质和酶活性时空变化与植被恢复效果的关系。结果]土壤养分状况和植被恢复情况对季相和坡位响应不明显,与未受损自然边坡差异显著,表现出了微弱的向好趋势。结论]在目前治理技术和养护条件下,土壤养分状况的改善与植被修复情况相辅相成,在后期管护过程中,要注意引导当地居民观念,减少无关人为干扰;适时监测工程固持水土能力;计划性补种植物并对经济作物种植区施放有机肥等,以促进坡面生态系统恢复。

Soil Nutrient and Vegetation Restoration on Earthquake-stricken Slopes in Beichuan County, Sichuan Province

Objective] The objective of the study is to explore the differences in soil physical and chemical properties in different seasons and slope positions in earthquake-stricken slopes after replanting forest species, and to assess the vegetation restoration and to provide the theoretical support for managing the slope. Methods] According to the conventional methods, this study investigated the changes of soil physical and chemical properties, soil enzymic activity and herb growth, in Leigu Town, Beichuan County, Sichuan Province. The relationships between variations of soil physical and chemical properties and enzyme activities and the effect of vegetation restoration were analyzed. Results] Soil nutrient levels and vegetation recovery showed no significant differences in different seasons and slope positions, however, they showed significant difference in undamaged natural slope. Conclusion] In the current treatments and curing conditions, improved physical and chemical properties of soil can affect vegetation restoration. Much more attention needs to be paid to concepts of villagers and human disturbance. Soil and water holding capacity need to be monitored timely, pioneer herbs need to be replanted, and organic fertilizer can be used in the crop growing areas to improve soil fertility.