基于典型年法的海绵城市建设控制指标研究

目的]探讨海绵城市控制指标年径流总量控制率的确定方法,为海绵城市建设控制指标的合理确定提供新的思路。方法]结合中国目前海绵城市建设相关规范及研究成果,分析关于年径流总量控制目标确定方法的合理性。以合肥市为例,分别采用长序列法、典型年法、外排径流系数法、逐日水量平衡法对相关问题进行研究,探讨不同年径流总量控制率对外排径流系数的影响及不同规模雨水调蓄设施的实际控制效果。结果]提出控制指标的典型年计算法,并总结了外排径流系数随年径流总量控制率变大不能无限减小的规律,提出采用雨水利用有效容积这一指标来校核年径流总量控制率提高的适宜范围。结论]典型年计算方法与雨水系统设计重现期相对应。结合对实际雨水总量控制率的研究,可为海绵城市建设中径流总量控制目标的确定提供新的思路。

Research on Control Index in Sponge City Construction Using Typical Hydrological Year Method

Objective] The determination method for total annual runoff volume is investigated in order to provide a new idea for the determination of control index of sponge city construction. Methods] Combining with the relevant standards and research achievements in the construction of sponge city in China, the rationality about the method to determine the total annual runoff volume control at present are analyzed. Hefei City was taken as an case to discuss relevant problems using typical hydrological year method, long-term runoff serials method, runoff coefficient method and daily water balance method. The effect of variation of runoff control rate on control targets and the actual rainfall control of rainwater storage facilities in different scales were explored. Results] This paper proposes a typical hydrological year method, and finds that the runoff control rate cannot be unlimitedly reduced with the rise of total annual runoff volume control target. The effective volume of rainwater utilization can be used to check the suitable range of total annual runoff control. Conclusion] The typical hydrological year method, combining well with the design return period of rainwater system and its application in studing actual rain volume control, provides a new idea for the determination of runoff volume control in sponge city construction.