不完全非圆齿轮传动钵苗移栽机构缓冲装置研究

针对旱地和水稻钵苗旋转式移栽机构中的不完全非圆齿轮传动机构存在较大冲击和振动、动力学性能较差问题,采用解析法对不完全非圆齿轮机构的缓冲装置进行改进设计。开展缓冲装置运动学和受力分析,开发基于VB平台的缓冲装置设计与分析软件,设计出缓冲装置结构;通过理论分析研究缓冲装置改进设计后移栽机构的动力学性能,搭建移栽机构动力学试验台,对安装了改进前、后缓冲装置的移栽机构分别进行动力学试验。动力学试验结果表明:移栽机构X、Y方向支座反力的最大幅值分别由改进前的365.5 N和48.4 N减小为345.2 N和42.2 N,降低了5.55%和12.81%;同时其方差分别由改进前的4 880.3和148.7减小为4 516.1和126.1,降低了7.46%和15.20%,且与理论分析结果基本吻合,缓冲装置的改进设计是正确和有效的,移栽机构的动力学性能得到了改善。

Buffer Device of Transplanting Mechanism for Plug Seedlings Based on Transmission with Incomplete Non-circular Gears

In order to solve the problems of great impact and vibration and poor dynamic performance of incomplete non-circular gear transmission applied in the rotary transplanting mechanism for dryland and rice plug seedlings, the analytic method was used to carry out improvement design for the buffer device of incomplete non-circular gear mechanism. The kinematics and force analysis of the buffer device were completed, and an analysis and design software based on VB platform for the buffer device was developed. The structure design of the buffer device was carried out. The dynamic performance of the transplanting mechanism with the improved buffer device was studied through theoretical analysis. The dynamic test bench of the transplanting mechanism was built and the dynamic tests were conducted for the transplanting mechanism installed with buffer device before improvement and post improvement respectively. The dynamic test results showed that the maximum amplitudes of bearing force of the transplanting mechanism in X and Y directions were reduced from 365.5N and 48.4N before improvement to 345.2N and 42.2N after improvement, which were decreased by 5.55% and 12.81%, respectively, while the variances were reduced from 4880.3 and 148.7 to 4516.1 and 126.1, which were decreased by 7.46% and 15.20%, respectively. The test results after improvement were consistent with the corresponding results of theoretical analysis. The improved design of the buffer device was correct and effective, and the dynamic performance of the transplanting mechanism was improved.