考虑社会及环境效益的再生水投资效率评价

目的]考虑再生水的社会效益和环境效益,与投资相结合,对中国区域再生水的投资效率作出评价,并提出区域差别化的改进策略。方法]选取中国的22个省份,4个直辖市和5个自治区(不包括香港、澳门特别行政区和台湾省)为研究对象,运用DEA模型和Malmquist指数模型进行投资效率测算。结果]中国再生水投资效率为0.858,各省份效率值参差不齐。中国的再生水投资效率一般,相对于效率前沿存在着一定的改进空间。结论]综合考虑了经济、社会和环境效益的再生水投资效率高于仅考虑经济效益的再生水投资效率;区域发展不平衡,各省份的综合效率值相差较大且原因不同。根据不同省份的差异将其划分为不同的类别,并采取相应的技术、管理、政策及综合改进策略。

Evaluation of Investment Efficiency in Reclaimed Water with Consideration of Social and Environmental Benefits

Objective] The study aims to evaluate the investment efficiency in reclaimed water projects in different regions of China with consideration of social and environmental benefits of the investment, and intend to propose differentiated improvement strategies for different regions. Methods] This study selected 22 provinces, 4 municipalities and 5 autonomous regions(excluding Hongkong, Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan Province) as the research objects and used DEA model and Malmquist index model to calculate the investment efficiency. Results] The investment efficiency in reclaimed water in China was 0.858, and the efficiency was uneven among different provinces. The investment efficiency of reclaimed water in China is normal and it still has room to be improved. Investment efficiency of reclaimed water considering economic, social and environmental benefits is higher than that considering only economic efficiency. Conclusion] Regional development is unbalanced, the investment efficiency is different among provinces due to different reasons. Therefore, provinces should be divided into different categories and different technology, management, policy and comprehensive improvement strategy should be proposed and carried out.