减量施肥条件下生物有机肥对土壤养分供应及小白菜吸收的影响

[目的]研究化肥减量施用条件下混合加入生物有机肥对土壤养分供应、蔬菜养分吸收及生物量的影响,为化肥减量化应用的实践提供理论依据。[方法]采用盆栽试验方法,以小白菜为供试作物,研究生物有机肥与不同比例的化肥配合施用,对土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾以及蔬菜生物量、氮磷钾吸收量的影响。[结果]生物有机肥在一定的时间内能够提高土壤氮、磷、钾的供给,在减少该区常规施肥用量15%~25%的条件下,对土壤供肥能力不产生明显的影响,并可减少农业面源污染,减轻环境污染压力;小白菜生长试验显示,两种肥料混合施用,在减少化肥常规用量的15%~25%时,对小白菜的生物量、氮磷钾吸收量均不产生不利影响,并在一定程度上提高肥料的利用率。[结论]生物有机肥对土壤氮、磷、钾不仅具有活化作用,还能稳定氮、磷、钾养分的供应。

Effect of Bio-organic Fertilizer on Soil Nutrient Supply and Absorption of Bok Choy Under Different Decreasing Fertilization

[Objective] The study aims to analyze the effect of bio-organic fertilizer on the supply of soil nutrient,the nutrient absorption by Bok choy,and vegetable biomass under the conditions of decreasing application of chemical fertilizer,and to provide theoretical basis for the practice of fertilizer-decreasing application.[Methods] We used the pot-test,with Bok choy as target species,to investigate the effect of bio-organic fertilizer and different amount chemical fertilizer mixtures on alkali-hydrolyzing nitrogen,rapidly available phosphorus,potassium on soil,and vegetable biomass and absorption of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium by Bok choy.[Results] The bio-organic fertilizer could increase the supply of soil nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in the limited period time if applying the mixture of both fertilizer.Furthermore,under the condition of the decreasing 15％～25％ of conventionally chemical fertilizer application,the mixture fertilization technique did not affect the fertilizer supply of the soil,thus decreasing the non-point contamination of agriculture and stress of environment pollution.Bok choy growing test verified that under the decrease of 15～25 ％ of conventionally chemical fertilizer application,the mixture fertilization method did not reduce the biomass,and absorption of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium of Bok choy,thus enhancing the utilization ratio of fertilizer.[Conclusion] Bio-organic fertilizer not only activate the soil available nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,but also stabilize the supply.