城乡结合部土地利用空间格局分析——以兰州市西固区为例

目的]为实现兰州市西固区土地利用的优化配置提供理论依据。方法]在GIS平台支持下，利用破碎度、形状指数、分维数、多样性等景观格局指数对西固区11类土地利用结构特征进行了分析。结果]商服用地的景观破碎程度最大为3.98，其次为水利设施用地为3.80；未利用地的景观破碎度最小为0.04。说明在西固区商服用地和水利设施用地受到人类活动的强烈干扰，而未利用地受人为干扰的程度最小，河口乡景观破碎度最小，表明其受到人为影响的程度最小，而陈坪乡、达川乡破碎度指数较大，表明这两个乡镇在西固区受到较大的人为影响。西固区各位用地的景观分离度差异比较大，水利设施用地最大为2 428.66，而未利用地最小为0.82。说明西固区水利设施用地的空间上最为分散，而未利用地在空间上的分散程度最低。景观多样性指数表明西固区土地利用类型以未利用地为主，而土地利用组合系数也表明西固区土地利用方式以未利用地为主。

Analysis on the Spatial Pattern of Land Use in Urban-Rural Junctional Areas

Objective] The study aims to provides some theoretical basis for optimal allocation of land use in Xigu district of Lanzhou City.Method] 11 types of land use structural characteristics are analyzed by using fragmentation degree,type index,fractal dimension,diversity and other landscape indexes under the platform of information system(GIS) in Xigu district.Result] The result shows that landscape fragmentation index is between 0.04 and 3.98,the business land is largest,the water conservancy land is second,and the unused land has the smallest landscape fragmentation index among 11 land use types.Human action effect of business land is larger than unused land.Hekou village is smallest,and Chenping and Dachun villages have the largest landscape fragmentation index.Landscape isolation is between 0.82 and 2428.66.There is a big difference in landscape isolation among the 11 land use types in Xigu district.Similarly,the water conservancy land has the largest landscape isolation,and unused land has the smallest among the 11 land use types.The water conservancy land has the largest separate,and the unused land has the largest concentrate in Xigu district.The landscape diversification index result shows the most important land-use is unused land.As well,the land-use combination coefficient shows the same result.