黄河三角洲环境脆弱性评价方法及其应用

为了对黄河三角洲地区减灾防灾和可持续发展提供一定的科学依据,本研究构建了黄河三角洲环境脆弱性评价指标体系,建立了脆弱性评价指标量化方法,采用层次分析法确定评价指标权重,基于GIS软件平台对黄河三角洲区域进行环境脆弱性评价与空间分布格局分析.结果表明:黄河三角洲环境脆弱性等级主要表现为轻度脆弱(42.7％)、中度脆弱(21％)和重度脆弱(24.9％).其空间分布格局为海洋区域脆弱性较轻,陆地区域脆弱性较强；海洋区域内大部分属于轻度脆弱,河口区以北海洋区域属于微度脆弱；陆地区域脆弱性表现为由沿海向内陆逐渐变轻的趋势,海岸带区域属于极度脆弱,沿海区域属于重度脆弱,黄河沿岸和内陆地区属于中度脆弱.

Application and method of environmental vulnerability evaluation in Yellow River Delta

In order to provide the scientific basis for disaster mitigation of the Yellow River Delta,this study constructed the environmental vulnerability index system of the Yellow River Delta,and proposed a quantitative method of the vulnerability assessment evaluation index.The environmental vulnerability evaluation and the analysis of spatial distribution pattern were based on GIS software platform.The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to determine evaluation factor weightings.And the cause of vulnerability were analyzed.The results showed that the light environmental vulnerability accounted for 42.7%,the moderate 21% and the serious 24.9%.The spatial distribution patterns were hereby obtained.The marine area was weaker while the terrestrial land area was stronger.Most marine area was lightly vulnerable.The marine area in the north of Hekou district was slightly vulnerable.The vulnerability in the terrestrial area had a decreasing trend from coast to inland.The coastal zone was extremely vulnerable.The coastal area was seriously vulnerable.The riparian area of the Yellow River and inland were moderately vulnerable.