赤狐黑色素皮质激素受体-1基因结构特征预测及分子进化分析

为进一步分析黑色素皮质激素受体-1(melanocortin-1 receptor,MC1R)基因的分子特性,利用生物信息学方法对GenBank中已报道的赤狐MC1R基因完整编码区序列的碱基组成特点及其编码蛋白的结构特征进行了预测及分析,构建了12个物种MC1R蛋白的系统进化树。结果表明,赤狐MC1R基因编码区序列长度为954 bp,共编码317个氨基酸,为单一外显子,G+C含量高于A+T,编码的蛋白质是一种分子质量为34.8694 ku,等电点为9.13的亲水性稳定碱性蛋白;存在7个强跨膜区、7个广泛磷酸化位点和1个潜在的蛋白激酶C磷酸化位点(第157位的苏氨酸),α-螺旋为其主要二级结构元件;属于G蛋白偶联受体家族一员,包括多个潜在重要功能基序;同源性分析与分子进化树结果均表明,赤狐与北极狐、狗和貉的亲缘关系最近。

Prediction on Structural Characteristics and Phylogenetic Evolution Analysis of MC1R Gene in Red Fox(Vulpes vulpes)

In order to investigate the molecular characterization of melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) gene, the base composition and structure characteristics of red fox MC1R gene registered in GenBank were predicted and analyzed by the method of bioinformatics. In addition, the phylogenetic tree of MC1R protein was constructed by means of MEGA 5.05 software between 12 species. The results showed that the length of red fox MC1R gene coding sequence was 954 bp, which encoded 317 amino acids. The content of G+C was higher than that of A+T. The estimated molecular weight of MC1R protein in red fox was 34.8694 ku, with an isoelectric point of 9.13, belonged to the stable alkalinous protein with hydrophily. The MC1R protein of red fox contained 7 obvious strong transmembrane regions, 7 phosphorylation sites and the 157-threonine amino acid site could be phosphorylated by PKC. The main secondary structure of MC1R protein was α-helix, and it was a member of G protein coupled receptor family, contained a number of functional motifs. The similarity comparison and phylogenetic tree indicated that the evolutionary distance of red fox MC1R protein was the most homogeneous to arctic fox, dog and raccoon dog.