Induction of a defense response in strawberry mediated by an avirulent strain
of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Colletotrichum</Emphasis> |
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Authors: | S M Salazar A P Castagnaro M E Arias N Chalfoun U Tonello J C Díaz Ricci |
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Institution: | (1) Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO; CONICET- UNT) and Instituto de Química Biológica “Dr. Bernabé Bloj”, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Chacabuco 461, 4000 San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina;(2) Sección Biotecnología de la Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC)-Unidad Asociada al INSIBIO, Av. William Cross 3150, Las Talitas, 4101 Tucumán, Argentina |
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Abstract: | In the strawberry crop area of Tucumán (north-west Argentina) the three species of Colletotrichum causing anthracnose disease (C. acutatum, C. fragariae and C. gloeosporioides) were detected. Among all isolates characterized, one of them identified as C. acutatum (M11) and another as C. fragariae (F7) were selected due to their conspicuous interaction with the strawberry cultivar Pájaro. Whereas isolate M11 produced
a strong compatible interaction in cv. Pájaro with clear disease symptoms (DSR = 5.0), the isolate F7 brought about a typical
incompatible interaction (DSR = 1.0). When plants of cv. Pájaro were inoculated with F7 prior to the inoculation with M11,
the former avirulent strain prevented the growth of the latter virulent pathogen. Experimental evidence indicated that the
time elapsed between the first inoculation with the avirulent pathogen and the second inoculation with the virulent one was
crucial to inhibit the growth of the latter. The growth of F7 on the plant without provoking damage and the fact that there
was no in vitro antagonistic effect between the pathogens, suggests that the avirulent strain triggers a plant defensive response against
M11. The defense response was further confirmed by the detection of an early oxidative burst occurring within 4 h after the
first inoculation and by the observation of anatomical changes associated with defense mechanisms that lasted 50 days after
the inoculation with F7. Results obtained support the hypothesis that the plant resistance against the virulent strain M11
is elicited by one or more diffusible(s) compound(s) produced by the avirulent strain F7. |
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Keywords: | anatomical characterization anthracnose Colletotrichum acutatum Colletotrichum fragariae cross-protection elicitor Fragaria × ananassa induced resistance oxidative burst |
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