太白山鹿蹄草群落植物的生态位

 以2011年6-10月太白山自然保护区2 253~2 928 m海拔范围内鹿蹄草Pyrola calliantha以及主要伴生植物的个体数量、频度和盖度等为基础，分析了15种主要植物的生态位宽度、生态位相似比例和生态位重叠等。结果显示：①鹿蹄草，川陕风毛菊Saussurea licentiana，细叶薹草Carex rigescens，野草莓Fragaria vesca，堇菜Viola verecunda等的生态位宽度值较大，都大于1.0，说明这几种植物的生态适应能力较强，有较强的资源竞争能力；而夏枯草Prunella vulgaris，贯叶连翘Hypericum perforatum，刺五加Acanthopanax senticosus，香青 Anaphalis sinica，蟹甲草Parasenecio forrestii等的生态位宽度值非常小，都为0。②15种主要植物间的生态位相似比例值大于0.500 0的有16对，占15.24%；鹿蹄草与生态位宽度值大的种相似程度较大，与生态位宽度值小的种相似比例较小。③15种主要植物的生态位重叠值主要集中在0.030 0~0.140 0（L_ik）和0~0.140 0（L_ki）；对鹿蹄草而言，L_1k均明显大于L_k1，并且，它与生态位宽度较窄的植物的重叠值较小，L_k1也相对较小。表8参16

Niche relationships among species in a Pyrola calliantha community of the Taibai Mountains

From June to October 2011，niche breadth，niche similar proportion，and niche overlap from 0.030 0－0.140 0 （L_1k） and 0－0.140 0 （L_k1） were determined for Pyrola calliantha and 15 primary companion species in the Taibai Mountains between 2 253－2 928 m based on frequency，population，and coverage. Results showed that （1） niche breadth of Pyrola calliantha，Saussurea licentiana，Carex rigescens，Fragaria vesca，and Viola verecunda were high （values above 1.0）；whereas niche breadth of Prunella vulgaris，Hypericum per-foratum，Acanthopanax senticosus，Anaphalis sinica，and Parasenecio forrestii were low （values of 0）. （2） Only 16 species-pairs （15.2%） had a niche similar proportion above 0.50. Also，the similarity ratios for species with a high niche breadth and Pyrola calliantha were greater than that for species with a small niche breadth. （3） Niche overlap between 15 main species exhibited resource sharing in a relatively stable state. In addition，when paired with species having a small niche breadth，Pyrola calliantha，with （L_1k） ＞ （L_k1），had a lower niche overlap and had a lower （L_k1）.［Ch，8 tab. 16 ref.］