鸟类行为研究进展

鸟类行为可分为繁殖行为，取食行为，社群行为和空间行为四大类，本文概述了鸟类行为的研究内容，研究方法和国内外研究现状，其中，繁殖行为包括：1）配偶选择，配偶制度，配偶维持时间的长短和配偶制度与资源质量的关系；2）栖息地选择和筑巢行为；3）鸣叫类型及意义。4）求偶炫耀及意义，取食行为包括：1）觅食策略的进化；2）形态相似且分布相同地理区域鸟类取食方式的差异3）觅食节律，社群行为包括：1）集群行为与栖息地食物丰富度及天敌的关系；2）集群利益分析，空间行为包括：1）防御行为；2）巢区领域防御对繁殖成功率的影响；3）迁徙研究。

Progress of the Study on the Birds' Behaviors

The behaviors of birds are divided into four kinds, i.e., the reproduction behaviors, feeding behaviors, gregarious behaviors and spatial behaviors. This paper sums up the internal and external research on the behaviors of birds, which includes the research content, methods and progress. Of which, the reproduction behaviors are as follows: (1) The spouse selection, spouse systems, duration of the spouses and the relationship between the spouse systems and the resources quality; (2) The habitat selection and nesting behaviors; (3) The singing types and meanings; (4) The displays for seeking a spouse and their meanings. The feeding behaviors are as follows: (1) Evolution of the ways of looking for food; (2) Difference of the feeding ways of the similar birds inhabiting in the same geographical areas; (3) The rhythm and pace of looking for food. The gregarious behaviors include: (1) The relationship between the flocking behavior, plentiful degree of food in the habitats and natural enemies; (2) Analysis on the flocking benefits. And the spatial behaviors are as follows: (1) The guarding behaviors; (2) The influence of guarding in the nest areas on the successful rate of reproduction; (3) The research on the migration of birds.