辛基酚对家蚕（Bombyx mori L.）生长发育的影响

为探讨辛基酚对鳞翅目模式昆虫家蚕生长发育的影响,使用添加0.01～0.08 g·kg~(-1)辛基酚(4-tert-octylphenol,4-t-OP)的人工饲料饲养家蚕(Bombyx mori L.),研究了4-t-OP对家蚕幼虫和蛹的生长发育速度、生长量、发育整齐度和生命力等影响。结果表明:连续取食0.01 g·kg~(-1)以上浓度4-t-OP的饲料,家蚕幼虫和蛹的生长发育速度(幼虫期和蛹期发育经过时间)、生长量(幼虫期体质量和蛹期茧层量)、生命力(3龄起蚕绝食生命时数、4龄起蚕结茧率、蚕茧的死笼率和羽化率)等都明显下降,抑制眠蚕体质量。4-t-OP对家蚕幼虫生长发育后期、化蛹及羽化等发育变态期的影响更加明显,其在家蚕体内可能有累积效应。添食0.08 g·kg~(-1)4-t-OP的家蚕不能完成生活史。研究表明,4-t-OP对家蚕生长发育毒性影响有显著的浓度效应和时间效应。

Effects of 4-tert-octylphenol on the growth and development of silkworms, Bombyx mori L.

In order to evaluate the effects of 4-tert-octylphenol(4-t-OP)on the growth and development of silkworms(Bombyx mori L.), larvae were exposed to 4-t-OP(0.01, 0.02, 0.04 g·kg^-1, and 0.08 g·kg^-1 of nutrient)in the laboratory and the development velocity, growth weight, uniformity of growth and development, and vitality index were recorded during different developmental stages(larval, pupal and adult). After exposure to 0.01 g·kg^-1 of 4-t-OP, decreases in development velocity(life span of larval and pupal stage), growth weight (larval weight and cocoon weight), and vitality(the fasting survival hours of the 3^rd instar newly molted larvae, the percentage of cocoon death in pupa and adult of the 4^th newly molted larvae)were observed at the larval and pupal stages. In addition, a decrease in dormant silkworm weight was detected in the different developmental stages, especially in the later developmental stages of larvae, pupation, and eclosion. Exposure to 4-t-OP might have accumulative effects on silkworms. When exposed to more than 0.08 g·kg^-1 of 4-t-OP, silkworms could not complete their life cycles. These results demonstrate the growth and development toxicity of 4-t-OP on Bombyx mori, with distinctive concentration and time effects.