北京市蔬菜病虫害全程绿色防控技术体系及推广应用

为推进农药减量增效、病虫害可持续治理,保障首都农产品质量安全、农业生产安全和农业生态环境安全,总结了北京市蔬菜生产上常用的20多种核心绿色防控技术,包括全园清洁、无病虫害育苗、产前棚室和土壤消毒、产中综合防控和产后蔬菜残体无害化处理等,以不同的生产方式和生产环节进行集成,覆盖产前、产中、产后,形成全程绿色防控技术体系,并建立绿色防控示范基地,对绿色防控技术及时进行集成、示范、推广。目前,示范面积2 200 hm~2,在绿控基地内,可实现农产品农残检测合格率100%,绿色防控技术使用率100%,专业化统防统治比例在80%以上,平均施药次数减少5～13次,减少化学农药用量27%～42%,病虫防治效果提高20%以上,667 m~2节本增收10%以上。

Green Prevention and Control System and Application of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests in Beijing

Abstract: In order to promote the reduction and synergism of pesticides, the sustainable management of diseases and insect pests, and ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products, agricultural production safety and agricultural ecological environment safety in Beijing, more than 20 core green prevention and control technologies commonly used in vegetable production in Beijing were summarized, including whole garden cleaning, non diseases and pests seedling raising, antepartum greenhouse and soil disinfection, comprehensive prevention and control during production, and after production vegetable residue harmless treatment to integrate different production methods and production links, covering before production, during production and after production, forming a whole process of green prevention and control technology system. A green prevention and control demonstration base was established to integrate, demonstrate and promote the green prevention and control technology in time. At present, the demonstration area is 2 200 hm2. In the green control base, the qualifi ed rate of pesticide residues detection of agricultural products was 100%, the utilization rate of green prevention and control technology was 100% and the proportion of specialized and unifi ed prevention and control was more than 80%. The average application times of pesticides were reduced by 5-13 times, the dosage of chemical pesticide was reduced by 27% - 42%, the control effect of disease and insect was improved by more than 20% and the income increased by more than 10% per 667 m2.