基于仿生消化系统估测肉鸭饲料原料代谢能的研究

本试验旨在检验基于仿生消化系统估测肉鸭饲料原料代谢能(ME)的有效性。首先,通过仿生消化法测定玉米、高粱、豆粕、菜籽粕和小麦麸的鸡、鸭酶水解物能值(EHGE),计算鸭/鸡EHGE比值,并参考肉鸡饲料原料ME计算肉鸭ME。其次,选择21日龄番鸭2400只,随机分为8个组,每组6个重复,每个重复50只鸭。各组随机饲喂不同ME水平的试验饲粮。测定21~50日龄、51~75日龄、21~75日龄肉鸭的平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比,将肉鸭各阶段的料重比与饲粮ME进行回归分析。结果表明:1)玉米的鸭/鸡EHGE比值为1.06,高粱、饼粕类和麸皮的鸭/鸡EHGE比值为1.14~1.21。2)饲粮ME水平对肉鸭各阶段的平均日增重无显著影响(P>0.05),但对料重比和平均日采食量存在极显著影响(P<0.01)。3)肉鸭各阶段料重比对鸭ME回归方程的相关系数(R^2)均高于其对鸡ME回归方程的R^2。由此可见,应用鸭ME估测数据配制肉鸭饲粮较恰当,采用仿生消化法建立肉鸭饲料原料ME数据库是可行的。

A Study of Feed Ingredient Metabolisable Energy of Meat Ducks Predicted with Simulated Digestion System

This study was conducted to validate the effectiveness of feed ingredient metabolisable energy(ME)of meat ducks predicted with simulated digestion system.Firstly,the enzymatic hydrolyzate gross energy(EH⁃GE)of corn,sorghum,soybean meal,rapeseed meal and wheat bran for chicken and duck were determined using the simulated digestion method,the ratio of EHGE for duck to chicken was calculated,based on this rati⁃o,the ME for duck were calculated from the ME for chicken in each feed ingredient.Secondly,two thousand and four hundred 21⁃day⁃old Muscovy ducks were selected and divided into 8 groups with 6 replicates per group and 50 ducks per replicate.Ducks in each group were fed experimental diets with different ME levels.The average daily gain,average daily feed intake and feed to gain ratio were measured on 21 to 50 days of age,51 to 75 days of age and 21 to 75 days of age,and the regression analysis of feed to gain ratio with dieta⁃ry ME were established in each growing phase of ducks.The result showed as follows:1)the ratio of EHGE for duck to chicken in corn was 1.06,and the ratios of EHGE for duck to chicken in sorghum,soybean meal,rapeseed meal and wheat bran ranged were from 1.14 to 1.21.2)Dietary ME level had no significantly effect on average daily gain of meat ducts in each phase(P>0.05),but had significantly effects on average daily feed intake and feed to gain ratio(P<0.01).3)The correlation coefficient(R^2)of regression equation of feed to gain ratio on for duck ME was higher than that for chicken ME.In conclusion,using predicted ME for duck to formulate meat ducks diet is more accurate,and it is feasible to establish ME database of feed ingredient for meat ducks by using simulated digestion method.