氮磷钾配比对大花蕙兰花芽分化及开花品质的影响

该文采用正交试验设计研究了N、P、K不同用量配比对大花蕙兰花芽分化和开花品质的影响. 试验结果表明:在该试验条件下，K肥对大花蕙兰花芽分化影响最大，不同水平之间对花芽数的影响达到显著差异；N肥次之；P肥最小. 3要素对开花品质有不同影响， N肥对假鳞茎大小、花芽的发育及开花品质影响最大，其中对每枝小花数、花序长度的影响差异分别达到显著和极显著水平；不同开花性状之间，P肥对小花数影响较大；而K肥对花径的影响作用较大. 最佳的N、P、K组合为N3P2K3，即N∶P2O5∶K2O=24∶1∶26. 

Effects of N, P, K on floral bud differentiation and flower quality of Cymbidium hybridum

Effects of N，P，K nutrients on floral bud differentiation and flower quality of Cymbidium hybridum were studied with an orthogonal experimental design. The results indicate that under the condition of this experiment, potassium（K）is the most important factor influencing floral bud differentiation and the difference in the number of floral bud among three levels is significant at P=0.05 level,followed by nitrogen（N） and phosphorus（P）. The effects of N，P，K on flower quality are different; the effect of N on the development of the pseudobulb, the floral bud as well as on flower quality is the most significant, and the effects of three levels of N on the number of florets per inflorescence and the length of inflorescence are significant at P=0.05 and P=0.01 level respectively. Among various flowering characteristics, the effects of P on the number of florets and K on the diameter of flower are greater. The optimum fertilization level of N,P and K is N3P₂K₃, i.e., N∶P₂O₅∶K₂O=24∶1∶26