施用生物有机肥对云当归产量、品质及土壤养分的影响

为给云南省维西县云当归高产、优质和合理施肥提供理论依据，采用防草布覆盖开展云当归成药栽培田间试验，设置不施肥(CK1)、常规施肥(CK2)、单施化肥(C)、单施生物有机肥Ⅰ号(B_Ⅰ)、单施生物有机肥Ⅱ号(B_Ⅱ)、50%化肥+生物有机肥Ⅰ号(1/2C+B_Ⅰ)、50%化肥+生物有机肥Ⅱ号(1/2C+B_Ⅱ)7个处理，研究了不同施肥处理对云当归产量构成因素、药材产量、品质和土壤养分的影响。结果表明，(1)施用生物有机肥能促进云当归主根长、根粗、侧根数、单株鲜重、干重增加，显著提高云当归鲜、干药材产量(P<0.05)，生物有机肥处理云当归鲜、干药材产量较CK1分别增产41.50%～201.13%、35.00%～69.42%，其中，1/2C+BⅠ处理鲜干产量最高，1/2C+BⅡ处理次之。(2)施用生物有机肥可提高云当归药材阿魏酸、挥发油、浸出物和多糖含量，降低总灰分含量，有效改善云当归药材品质；(3)施用生物有机肥可显著提高土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾的含量(P<0.05)。施用生物有机肥处理...

Effects of bio-organic fertilizer application on yield and quality of Yun angelica and the soil nutrients

In order to provide theoretical basis forhigh yield，high quality and rational fertilization rate of Yun angelica inWeixiCounty，a field experiment of proprietary medicine cultivation of Yun angelica was conducted under weedproof cloth mulching. Seven treatments were setup，i.e. nofertilization(CK1)，conventional fertilization(CK2)，single chemicalfertilizer application(C)，single bio -organic fertilizer Ⅰapplication(B Ⅰ)，single bio-organic fertilizer Ⅱ application(BⅡ)，50% chemical fertilizer+bio-organic fertilizer Ⅰ(1/2C+BⅠ)，50% chemical fertilizer+bio-organic fertilizer Ⅱ(1/2C+BⅡ)，to explore the effects of different fertilization treatments onthe yieldcomponents，yield，quality and soil fertility of Yun angelica. The resultsshowed that:(1)Application of bio -organic fertilizer promoted an increase of main rootlength， rootdiameter，lateral rootnumber，fresh and dry weight perplant，and significantly increased both the fresh and dry yieldof Yunangelica( P<0.05). Compared to theCK1，all treatments with bio -organic fertilizer increased the fresh and dry yieldof Yun angelica by 41.50%-201.13% and35.00%-69.42%，respectively，of which 1/2C+B Ⅰ treatment had the highest freshyield and dry yield of Yunangelica，followed by the 1/2C+B Ⅱtreatment.(2)Application of bio -organic fertilizer increased the content of ferulicacid，volatile oil andpolysaccharide，reduced the total ashcontent，and effectively improved thequality of Yunangelica.(3)Application of bio -organic fertilizer significantly increased the content of soil organicmatter， alkaline-hydrolyzablenitrogen，available phosphorus and available potassium( P<0.05). Compared totheCK1，all bio -organic fertilizer treatment increased the contentof soil organicmatter，alkali -hydrolyzablenitrogen，available phosphorus and available potassium by11.77%-16.77%，5.64%-13.17%，15.74%-95.78% and26.71%-140.53%，respectively. Considering the yieldcomponents，yield，quality andsoil fertility of Yunangelica，the application of 1/2C+B Ⅰ treatment was the best with the high yield and high quality of Yun angelica in Weixi County under current experimental conditions.