种植密度对黑芝麻农艺性状的影响

合理密植是芝麻高产优质栽培的重要措施。以黑芝麻品种赣芝6号为试材,研究了不同种植密度（12万株/hm2、14万株/hm2、16万株/hm2、18万株/hm2和20万株/hm2）对黑芝麻农艺性状的影响。结果表明：种植密度对黑芝麻植株生物学性状如株高、茎粗、单株叶面积、单株侧根数、根重,以及经济性状如单株蒴果数、每蒴粒数、结蒴部位、千粒重、干物质积累和产量均有一定程度的影响。随着种植密度的增加,黑芝麻植株个体性状变化总趋势是逐渐变差,株高和最低结蒴部位提高,单位面积群体的叶面积、侧根数和干物质积累量增加,产量也增加。但种植密度增加到一定程度时,如再增加密度,则产量降低。种植密度对黑芝麻产量的影响极为显著,黑芝麻最适宜种植密度为18万株/hm2,该密度下产量最高为1 825.0 kg/hm2。

Effect of Planting Density on Agronomic Traits of Black Sesame

Rational close planting is an important measure for high yield and high quality of black sesame.The effect of different planting density on the agronomic traits of Ganzhi No.6 was studied.The results showed that the planting density had influence on the individual biological traits,such as plant height,stem diameter,leaf area,lateral root numbers and root weight,and also had influence on the economic traits,such as the numbers of capsules per plant,grain numbers per capsule,capsule junction site,1 000-grain weight,dry matter accumulation and yield.With the increasing of planting density,the individual characteristics became worse,while the plant height and the lowest node capsule site increased,the population leaf area per unit area,lateral root numbers,dry matter accumulation and yield also increased.When the planting density increased to a certain extent,the yield got to the peak and then decreased.The planting density had a significant influence on the yield,and the yield was the highest（1 825.0 kg/hm2）when the planting density was 1.80×105 plants/hm2.