Toxicity and protectant potential of Piper guineense (Piperaceae) and Senna siamea (Fabaceae) mixed with diatomaceous earth for the management of three major stored product beetle pests |
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Authors: | Charles Adarkwah Daniel Obeng-Ofori Sabine Prozell Vivian Asante Vanessa Hörmann Christian Ulrichs |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Horticulture and Crop Production, School of Agriculture and Technology, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana;2. Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Urban Ecophysiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt-Universit?t zu Berlin, Berlin, Germanylesadark@yahoo.com adarkwac@cms.hu-berlin.de charles.adarkwah@uenr.edu.gh;4. Biologische Beratung GmbH, Berlin, Germany;5. Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Urban Ecophysiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt-Universit?t zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany |
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Abstract: | There is a dearth of knowledge on the available sources of botanical products for smallholder farmers in Africa and their bioactivity against stored-product pests. Many locally available plants across Africa exhibit both promising insecticidal, medicinal activity and are nutrient rich yet remain underutilized. Laboratory studies on toxicity of powders of Senna siamea and Piper guineense alone or combined with diatomaceous earth (DE) to adult Sitophilus granarius, Tribolium castaneum and Acanthoscelides obtectus were conducted in stored grains. Adult mortality was observed up to 7 d while progeny production was recorded 6–10 weeks. Adult A. obtectus were most susceptible (LD50 0.0084% and 0.0696% wt/wt for S. siamea and P. guineense, respectively), followed by S. granarius. T. castaneum was most tolerant (LD50 0.6589% and 0.6829% wt/wt for S. siamea and P. guineense, respectively). Combination of plant powders and DE controlled the beetles faster compared to the plant powders alone. LT50 ranged from 20 h to 101 h for T. castaneum exposed to 1.0% S. siamea and 1.0% DE, and 0.5% P. guineense and 1.0% DE, respectively. Botanicals caused significant reduction of F1 adults compared to the control. The potential of using botanicals combined with DE to control stored-product insects is discussed. |
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Keywords: | Senna siamea Piper guineense diatomaceous earth Sitophilus granarius Tribolium castaneum Acanthoscelides obtectus |
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