基于CRU资料的中亚地区气候特征

基于中亚地区1971-2000年的CRU资料，利用一元线性回归法，分析中亚地区30 a的气候变化特征。结果表明：土库曼斯坦和乌兹别克斯坦的沙漠地区是中亚最为干旱的地区，也是气温最高的地区。塔吉克斯坦和吉尔吉斯斯坦冬季和春季降水多，夏季和秋季降水少，气温变化幅度相对较小。哈萨克斯坦的降水呈现西多东少，且主要集中在夏季，气温变化幅度较大，且西暖东冷。中亚地区气温年较差较小。新疆与中亚五国的气候有明显差异，新疆降水主要集中在夏季的天山山区，气温增暖明显，最高和最低气温与中亚西部的变化趋势相反。

Climatic Characteristics in Central Asia Based on CRU Data

Based on the CRU data in Central Asia during the period of 1971—2000, in this paper the method of linear regression was used to analyze the climate change in Central Asia in recent 30 years. The results showed that the desert regions in Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan were the aridest areas with the highest temperature in Central Asia. Precipitation in Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan in winter and spring was higher than that in summer and autumn, and temperature range was relatively low. In Kazakhstan, precipitation occurred mainly in summer, and it decreased from the west to the east; the range of temperature was high, and it was warmer in the west than that in the east. The annual range of temperature in Central Asia was low. There was a significant difference of climate between Xinjiang of China and the five countries in Central Asia, precipitation in Xinjiang occurred mainly in the Tianshan Mountains and in summer, where the warming trend was obvious, and the change trend of maximum and minimum temperature was opposite to that in the western part of Central Asia.