基于理想点法的矿区生态环境敏感性评价

[目的]对河北省保定市涞源县13个主要矿区进行生态环境敏感性评价,旨在为矿区生态环境评价和治理提供理论基础和技术保障。[方法]通过PSR框架模型建立矿区生态环境敏感性评价指标体系,并引入理想点(TOPSIS)法。[结果](1)空间布局上,涞源县南部矿区生态环境质量较差,中部矿区中等,而北部矿区较好;(2)具体矿区上,塔崖驿乡矿区、东团堡乡矿区生环境敏感性最好,而乌龙沟乡矿区最差。[结论]引入TOPSIS法进行小尺度县域矿区范围内生态环境敏感性评价,评价过程简便易行,可操作性强,且不受评价指标个数的影响,评价结果更加准确、客观、实用,能很好地反映涞源县各矿区生态环境的优劣程度及区域差异。

Eco-environment Sensitivity Evaluation of Mining Areas Based on TOPSIS

[Objective] This paper aimed to provide the theoretical basis and technical support for evaluation and management of ecological environment in mining area based on a evaluation case study of the ecological sensitivities of 13 major mining areas in Laiyuan County of Baoding City, Hebei Province.[Methods] PSR model was applied for ecological sensitivity evaluation. And also technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS) method was introduced into the evaluation process.[Results] (1) The space layout of the ecological environment quality in Laiyuan County showed a radial incremental feature existed from the southeast to the northwest; (2) In term of the sensitivity difference of the mining area, the ecological environmental sensitivities of township of Tayayi and Dongtuanbao mining were better, and the sensitivity of Wulonggou mining area was worse.[Conclusion] The introduced evaluation of the TOPSIS method for the evaluation of ecological sensitivity of mining area had some obvious advantages. It can make the evaluation process simple, operable and less relayed on the evaluation index number. All of these make the evaluation result more accurate, objective and practical, and furthermore, the results can well describe expound the merits of each mine's ecological level and regional difference.