巨尾桉工业原料林坡面产流产沙动态特征

目的]分析对比3种不同土地利用类型3a坡面产流产沙动态变化,为巨尾桉工业原料的可持续经营管理服务。方法]对云南省普洱市巨尾桉工业原料林、灌木林、撂荒地3种土地利用类型径流小区进行连续3年定位观测。结果]2010—2012年研究区降雨集中在6—10月,3a降雨量逐年减少。径流小区年径流总量变化依次为:2012年2010年2011年,2012年径流总量比2011及2010年分别减少了52.28%和40.92%。2010—2012年6—10月坡面产流顺序依次为:巨尾桉工业原料林灌木林撂荒地,巨尾桉工业原料林比灌木林和撂荒地分别减少产流25.01%和30.86%。2010—2012年土壤侵蚀总量变化依次为:2012年2010年2011年,2012年土壤侵蚀总量比2011及2010年分别减少了41.83%和18.49%。3a间土壤侵蚀总量与年际径流总量变化趋势一致。巨尾桉工业原料林比灌木林及撂荒地分别减少土壤侵蚀量47.56%和50.69%,3个径流小区土壤侵蚀量大小顺序与产流量一致。结论]巨尾桉工业原料林水土保持效益最为显著,防止水土流失的效益最佳。

Dynamic Variation of Slope Runoff and Sediment Yield from Eucalytus Grandis×E.Urophylla Industrial Plantations

Objective] To analysis the dynamic variation of slope runoff and sediment yield of three different land use types in the past three years, and provide a theoretical basis for sustainable management of Eucalyptus Grandis×E. Urophylla.Methods] A located observation on runoff plots of three different land use types of Eucalyptus plantation, shrubbery and abandoned land of Pu'er City in Yunnan Province was conducted in the past three years, to analyze the runoff and sediment yield of the different land use types.Results] The rainfall of the study area was observed concentrated in June to October from 2010 to 2012.The rainfall of study area gradually reduced in the past three years. The runoff observed in the three runoff plots ranked as:2012<2010<2011. The runoff in 2012 reduced by 52.28% and 40.92%, as compared to the value in 2011 and 2010, respectively. The runoff observed from June to October of the three land use types in 2010-2012 ranked as:Eucalyptus plantation< shrubbery< uncultivated land. The runoff in that period of Eucalyptus plantation reduced by 25.01% and 30.86%, respectively, compared with shrubbery and abandoned land. The yearly sediment rank observed in the three plots was 2012<2010<2011.The observed value in 2012 reduced by 41.83% and 18.49%, respectively, as compared to the sediment in 2011 and 2010. Sediment and the total annual runoff volume varied consistently in the past three years. Eucalyptus plantation reduced sediment yield by 47.56% and 50.69%, respectively, against the shrubbery and abandoned land.Conclusion] Eucalyptus plantation has the best effect of soil and water conservation.