Serological studies of Australian and Papua New Guinean cattle and Australian sheep for the presence of antibodies against bluetongue group viruses |
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| Authors: | A.J. Della-Porta R.F. Sellers K.A.J. Herniman I.R. Littlejohns D.H. Cybinski T.D. St. George D.A. Mc Phee W.A. Snowdon J. Campbell C. Cargill A. Corbould Y.S. Chung V.W. Smith |
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| Affiliation: | 1. CSIRO Division of Animal Health, Australian National Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, at present located at Animal Health Research Laboratory, Private Bag No. 1, P.O., Parkville, Victoria, 3052 Australia;2. The Animal Virus Research Institute, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey GU24 ONF, Gt. Britain;3. New South Wales Department of Agriculture, Veterinary Research Station, Glenfield, New South Wales, 2167, Australia;4. CSIRO Division of Animal Health, Long Pocket Laboratories, Private Bag No. 3, P.O., Indooroopilly, Queensland 4068, Australia;5. Victoria Department of Agriculture, Animal Health Group, Veterinary Research Laboratory, “Attwood”, Mickleham Road, Westmeadows, Victoria 3049, Australia;6. Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, Box 14, Rundle Street P.O., Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia;7. Tasmanian Department of Agriculture, Mt. Pleasant Laboratories, P.O. Box 46, Launceston South, Tasmania 7250, Australia;8. Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Animal Research Institute, Fairfield Road, Yeerongpilly, Queensland 4105, Australia;9. Western Australian Department of Agriculture, Animal Health Laboratory, Jarrah Road, South Perth, Western Australia 6151, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Following isolation of a virus (CSIRO19) from insects in Australia and its identification as bluetongue virus serotype 20 (BTV20), a nationwide survey of antibodies in cattle and sheep sera was undertaken. Initial studies using the serum neutralization (SN) test showed that the distribution of BTV20 antibodies in cattle was confined to the northern part of Australia. Group-reactive antibody tests (agar gel diffusion precipitin, AGDP, and complement-fixation, CF) showed group-reactive cattle sera south of the BTV20 zone (northern Australia), and southwards from Queensland to New South Wales. Very few group-reactive sheep sera (45 out of 16213) were found and these were of doubtful epidemiological significance. Some of these BTV group-reactive, BTV20-negative, sera were tested in SN tests against BTV1 to 17 and Ibaraki (IBA) virus. The results indicated that BTV1, or a closely related orbivirus, was active in cattle in Queensland, northern Western Australia, and New South Wales, and that antibody to BTV15 was present in some of the cattle sera in northern Western Australia and the Northern Territory. Antibody to IBA virus was present in some cattle sera in Queensland, northern Western Australia and New South Wales. SN antibody titres ?60 were also found to a number of other BTV serotypes in cattle sera in northern Western Australia and Queensland (principally, BTV2 and BTV7). Low level reactions were commonly observed against these and a number of other BTV serotypes, often in the same serum samples. Further, 22% of the group-reactive cattle sera did not react with any of the viruses in the SN tests. Such results were difficult to interpret in terms of known Australian BTV or BTV-related isolates. |
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