硼、钼营养对甘蓝型油菜产量和品质影响的研究

采用盆栽试验方法,研究施硼、钼和硼钼配施对两个油菜品种种子产量和品质的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,两品种3个处理(+B、+Mo、+B+Mo)的子粒产量均有显著的增产作用,中双6号(双低品种)增幅均达到显著水平,其中以+Mo处理增产效果最好;中油821(双高品种)+B和+B+Mo处理的增幅高于+Mo处理。单施硼肥(+B)和钼肥(+Mo),中双6号增产效果高于中油821;硼、钼配施(+B+Mo),中油821的增产效果好于中双6号。两个油菜品种含油量显著高于对照,其中+Mo处理增幅最大,中油821以+B处理增幅最大,但处理间差异均不显著;芥酸含量较对照明显下降,中双6号以+Mo和+B+Mo处理降低显著,分别下降了1.0和0.8个百分点,中油821下降幅度为1.4～6.4个百分点,以+B、+B+Mo处理下降较为显著;中双6号硫甙含量较对照下降1.5%～13.1%,其中+Mo和+B+Mo处理差异显著,中油821降幅为9.0%～29.1%,差异均达显著水平。本文的研究结果表示,硼、钼营养有利于油菜子粒产量的提高和品质的改善,但影响的程度在不同品种中存在差异。

Effect of boron and molybdenum on yield and quality of two rapeseed cultivars

Pot culture was conducted to study the effect of boron and molybdenum on seed yield and oil quality of two rapeseed (Brassica napus)cultivars[double low(low erucic acid content, low glucosindate content)cultivar: Zhongshuang 6 and double high cultivar: Zhongyou 821]. The results showed that comparing with CK, the 3 treatments(+B、+Mo、+B+Mo) had significant effects on seed yields of Zhongshuang 6 and Zhongyou 821. The +Mo treatment had the best response on the yield of Zhongshuang 6, but for Zhongyou 821, +B or +B+Mo treatment had better response than (+Mo) treatment. Single supplying B or Mo, the production increase effect of Zhongshuang 6 was better than that of Zhongyou 821, while for +B+Mo treatment, the effect of the latter was better than that of the former. The oil content of two cultivars in the 3 treatments were significantly higher than CK, the rate of increase in oil production of Zhongshuang 6 and Zhongyou 821 was ranged 4.3%～5.1% and 5.7%～6.2%, respectively. There was no significant difference among 3 treatments. For Zhongshuang 6 and Zhongyou 821, the highest amount of increase in (production) was got in +Mo and +B treatment, respectively. Erucic acid content of the two cultivars in 3 treatments (decreased) compared with CK, for Zhongshuang 6, erucic acid content in +Mo and +B+Mo treatments decreased by 34.62% and 27.62%, respectively. For Zhongyou 821, the rate of decreased scope was between 3.2% and 13.8%. There were a significant decrease in glucosindate content for +B and +B+Mo treatments. Glucosindate content (decreased) compared with CK, the decreasing scope of Zhongshuang 6 was between 1.54% and 13.1%. There was a significant difference between +Mo and +B+Mo treatment, and the decreasing scope of Zhongyou 821 was between 9.0% and 29.1%.The results in this study showed that B or Mo nutrition had a positive correlation with seed yield and oil content, however, the effect on increasing seed yield and improving quality was different among various cultivars.