中药制剂对小麦病虫害及生长的影响初探

为降低锈病及蚜虫为害小麦生长，并减少化学农药残留，特别设计了中药配方对小麦病虫害防治效果的试验。试验设四个处理，处理1为金喜组合，处理2为辰奇素组合，处理3为常规农药，CK不打药。在返青期和扬花期两次喷药。结果表明,施药后各处理蚜虫量减少明显，处理3效果最好，处理1接近处理3；辰奇素防治锈病效果较好；喷施中药处理叶面积增大、衰老延缓,处理2最显著；中药制剂在小麦抗病虫和促进植株健康生长方面均有明显作用，产量显著提高，但效果还略低于喷施化学农药。喷施中药处理后小麦种子中各项重金属及农药残留均低于国家限量值，砷、镉及联苯菊酯含量均低于对照。

Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Wheat Disease, Insect Pests and Growth

In order to reduce the damage of rust and aphids on wheat growth, and reduce the residue of chemical pesticides, the control effect of Chinese herbal formula on wheat diseases and insect pests was specially designed.The control effect of traditional Chinese medicine formulation on wheat disease and insect pest was specially designed.Four treatments were set up in the experiment. Treatment 1 was Jinxi , treatment 2 was Chenqisu, treatment 3 was conventional pesticides,CK was No pills.Spraying twice during regreening and flowering.The results were as follows: the amount of aphids decreased significantly after application, treatment 3 had the best effect, and treatment 1 was close to treatment 3; Chenqisin had better effect on rust control;Increased leaf area and delayed senescence in treatment with Chinese medicine, Treatment 2 was the most significant; Traditional Chinese medicine had obvious effect on wheat resistance to diseases and insects and promoting the healthy growth of wheat plants. The yield significantly increased, but the effect was still slightly lower than that of spraying chemical pesticides. However, the residues of heavy metals and pesticides in wheat seeds treated with Chinese medicine were lower than the national limit value, and the contents of arsenic, cadmium and bifenthrin were lower than those in CK.