不育系花器含糖量对三系杂交棉制种产量的影响

以棉花细胞质雄性不育系、保持系、恢复系及杂种F1的花瓣、花药、柱头、蜜腺、苞叶和叶片为材料,测定和比较了各材料的总糖、蔗糖和果糖含量,观察和分析了三系杂交棉制种田中蜜蜂造访的数量与制种产量性状的相关性.结果表明:不育系花瓣、苞叶、蜜腺的可溶性总糖和蔗糖含量比可育的恢复系、保持系和F1高,并达到显著或极显著水平,而果糖含量的差异不明显.其中,不育系花器的蔗糖含量是影响蜜蜂造访制种田蜂群量和不育系结铃率的关键因素;选育花器含糖量高的不育系,有利于提高制种田中的蜜蜂数量,增加不育系的结铃率,以及降低其不孕子率,提高制种产量.

The effect of sugar content in flowers of cytoplasmic male sterile lines on hybrid seed production of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)

Soluble total sugar, sucrose and fructose content in petal, anther, stigma, nectary, bract and leaf of cytoplasmic male sterile lines, maintainer, restorer and hybrid F 1 were determined respectively. The relationship between the visit frequency of honeybee and the yield of hybrid seed was analyzed. The soluble total sugar and sucrose content in petal, bract and nectary of male sterile line are significantly higher than in those of restorer, maintainer and hybrid F 1, but the difference of fructose content among them is not noticeable. Sucrose content in flowers of male sterile lines is a key factor that effects on the bee visit frequency. Breeding male sterile line with higher sugar content in flower is propitious to attraction for bee visiting, which can increase the rate of effective boll and decrease the rate of aborted seed in result of higher yield of hybrid seed.