白魔芋开花过程内源激素动态变化

为探讨白魔芋开花过程中激素与雌、雄蕊成熟时间的关系,利用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)对白魔芋从佛焰苞形成前期到开花后期6个不同时期雄蕊和雌蕊中4种内源激素:生长素(IAA)、赤霉素(GA3)、脱落酸(ABA)和玉米素(ZT)的质量比进行测定和分析.结果表明,IAA,GA3,ABA和ZT 4种激素的质量比均呈现出不同的变化规律,IAA在雄蕊和雌蕊中均表现为下降—上升—下降的变化趋势;ABA表现出上升—下降—上升的变化趋势,与IAA的趋势相反;GA3在整个过程中没有明显的变化规律,雄蕊在佛焰苞成形后期达到最大值,约为195ng/g,而雌蕊GA3的质量比晚于雄蕊达到最大值,雌蕊在开花前期才达到最大值,约为188ng/g;ZT质量比的变化为先升后降、再升再降.在花芽形态分化,即雌、雄蕊成熟的关键时期,雌蕊中内源IAA,GA3和ZT的质量比均高于雄蕊,且GA3表现明显,说明较高浓度的IAA,GA3和ZT在成熟过程中起促进作用,在同一过程中,雄蕊中ABA的质量比却高于雌蕊的,而雄蕊晚熟于雌蕊,表明较高浓度的ABA抑制雄蕊的成熟.ABA/IAA和ABA/ZT的比值呈现出与ABA相同的变化趋势,高浓度的ABA/IAA,ABA/ZT和ABA/GA3均不利于雄蕊的成熟,进一步证明高浓度ABA是抑制雄蕊成熟的关键因子.

Dynamic Changes of Endogenous Hormones in Flowering Process of Amorphophallus albus

The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between hormones and pistil and stamen maturation during the flowering period of Amorphophallus albus. Four endogenous hormones, auxin (IAA), gibberellin (GA₃), abscisic acid (ABA) and zeatin (ZT), in the pistils and the stamens in six different periods from the early stage of spathe formation to the late flowering period were measured and analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The experimental results showed that IAA, GA₃, ABA and ZT showed different changes. IAA showed a trend of descending-ascending-descending in the stamens and the pistils and, to the contrary, ABA showed a trend of ascending-descending-ascending. GA₃ content showed no distinct change pattern in the whole process of flowering, reaching its maximum in the late spathe formation in the stemens, about 195 ng/g; while GA₃ content in the pistils reached the maximum later-in the first flowering, about 188 ng/g. A trend of ascending-descending-ascending-descending was recorded in ZT content in the stamens and the pistils. In the critical period of pistil and stamen maturation, the contents of endogenous IAA, GA₃ and ZT in the pistils were higher than those in the stamens, which suggested that high concentrations of IAA, GA₃ and ZT played a promoting role in the maturation process. In the same process, the content of ABA in the stamens was higher than that in the pistils, and the stamens matured slightly later than the pistils, which indicated that a higher concentration of ABA inhibited stamen maturation. The ratio of ABA/IAA and ABA/ZT showed the same trend as ABA, High concentration of ABA/IAA, ABA/ZT and ABA/GA₃ were not favorable for the maturation of the stamens, which further proved that high concentration of ABA was the key factor for inhibiting stamen maturation.