温州养殖文蛤死亡原因调查及组织超微病理分析

针对近年来温州市龙湾区养殖文蛤发生死亡的特点进行了病原调查和组织病理分析。通过定期采集样品,运用显微镜检、超微结构分析等方法,探讨造成文蛤死亡的原因。调查发现龙湾区文蛤病害爆发主要集中在每年7月份,具有明显的季节性和流行性。患病文蛤无寄生虫及病毒的存在,超微病理观察发现,肝胰腺、肌肉、鳃等组织均出现了细胞核染色质边聚,内质网肿胀,排列稀疏无序,线粒体大量凋裂,形成较多空泡等现象。分析表明,引起文蛤死亡的原因主要是环境的变化带来的应激性病原体侵入有关,同时与文蛤本身品质,养殖密度,养殖管理等因素密切相关。

Study on the cause of death of cultured Meretrix in Wenzhou and the ultrastructural pathology analysis

Through the field survey ,this study was conducted to reveal tile characteristics and laws of death of Meretrix which has happened in Longwan, Wenzhou in recent years. Samples were collected on a regular basis. The microscopic observation of parasites and the uhrastructural observation and analysis have been done to ana-lyze the reasons for the death of Meretrix. The results showed as follows：tile survey found that Meretrix disease in Longwan district was mainly concentrated in July each year,with significant seasonal and pandemic. The experi- mental didn＇t found the presence of parasites and viruses in the sick ones. The resuhs of the uhrastructural pathology showed that the hepatopancreas,muscle,gills and other tissues of the Meretrix suffering eruptive epi-demic disease show pathological change,like chromatin margination,endoplasmic reticulum swelling,arrange sparse unordered, large number of mitochondrial withered crack, formation of larger vacuoles and so on. It was showed that the reason of Meretrix＇s death may be due mainly to the changes in the environment which was brought out by stress pathogens intrusion. It was also closely related to the quality of the Meretrix themselves, stocking density, human management factors and so on.